Avogadro constant, Alternative approaches to redefining the kilogram, Avogadro's law

Avogadro mau: ʻO ka Avogadro mau ( N A a L paha) ke kumu hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea konohiki (maʻa mau nā mole, nā ʻoma a ions) i kahi laʻana me ka nui o nā mea i loko o kēlā hāpana. ʻO kāna anakahi SI ka mole pānaʻi, a ua wehewehe ʻia me N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 . Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka ʻepekema ʻItalia ʻo Amedeo Avogadro. ʻOiai kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Avogadro mau (a helu paha), ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka chemist nāna i hoʻoholo i kona waiwai. Ua wehewehe ʻo Stanislao Cannizzaro i kēia helu i ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Avogadro i ka manawa ma ka Karlsruhe Congress ma 1860.
Nā ala ʻē aʻe i ka hōʻano hou ʻana i ka kilogram: Ua ninaninau ke kaiāulu ʻepekema i kekahi mau ala ʻē aʻe i ka hōʻano hou ʻana i ka kilokilo ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka wehewehe hou ʻana o nā kikowaena o ka SI ma Nowemapa 2018. Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o kēlā me kēia ala.
Ke kānāwai a Avogadro: ʻO ke kānāwai ʻo Avogadro a i ʻole ke kuhiakau o Avogadro-Ampère kahi kānāwai kinoea hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka nui o ke kinoea i ka nui o nā mea o ke kinoea i loaʻa. ʻO ke kānāwai kahi hihia kikoʻī o ke kānāwai gas maikaʻi. ʻO kahi ʻōlelo i kēia manawa: Wahi a ke kānāwai ʻo Avogadro, "ʻo ka nui o nā kinoea like, no ka like o ka mahana a me ke kaomi, ua like ka nui o nā molekiola." No kekahi puʻuwai i hāʻawi ʻia no kahi kinoea kūpono, ka nui a me ka nui (moles) o ke kinoea i kaulike kaulike inā mau ka mahana a me ke kaomi.
Ke kānāwai a Avogadro: ʻO ke kānāwai ʻo Avogadro a i ʻole ke kuhiakau o Avogadro-Ampère kahi kānāwai kinoea hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka nui o ke kinoea i ka nui o nā mea o ke kinoea i loaʻa. ʻO ke kānāwai kahi hihia kikoʻī o ke kānāwai gas maikaʻi. ʻO kahi ʻōlelo i kēia manawa: Wahi a ke kānāwai ʻo Avogadro, "ʻo ka nui o nā kinoea like, no ka like o ka mahana a me ke kaomi, ua like ka nui o nā molekiola." No kekahi puʻuwai i hāʻawi ʻia no kahi kinoea kūpono, ka nui a me ka nui (moles) o ke kinoea i kaulike kaulike inā mau ka mahana a me ke kaomi.
Avogadro mau: ʻO ka Avogadro mau ( N A a L paha) ke kumu hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea konohiki (maʻa mau nā mole, nā ʻoma a ions) i kahi laʻana me ka nui o nā mea i loko o kēlā hāpana. ʻO kāna anakahi SI ka mole pānaʻi, a ua wehewehe ʻia me N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 . Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka ʻepekema ʻItalia ʻo Amedeo Avogadro. ʻOiai kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Avogadro mau (a helu paha), ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka chemist nāna i hoʻoholo i kona waiwai. Ua wehewehe ʻo Stanislao Cannizzaro i kēia helu i ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Avogadro i ka manawa ma ka Karlsruhe Congress ma 1860.
Avogadro mau: ʻO ka Avogadro mau ( N A a L paha) ke kumu hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea konohiki (maʻa mau nā mole, nā ʻoma a ions) i kahi laʻana me ka nui o nā mea i loko o kēlā hāpana. ʻO kāna anakahi SI ka mole pānaʻi, a ua wehewehe ʻia me N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 . Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka ʻepekema ʻItalia ʻo Amedeo Avogadro. ʻOiai kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Avogadro mau (a helu paha), ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka chemist nāna i hoʻoholo i kona waiwai. Ua wehewehe ʻo Stanislao Cannizzaro i kēia helu i ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Avogadro i ka manawa ma ka Karlsruhe Congress ma 1860.
Ke kānāwai a Avogadro: ʻO ke kānāwai ʻo Avogadro a i ʻole ke kuhiakau o Avogadro-Ampère kahi kānāwai kinoea hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka nui o ke kinoea i ka nui o nā mea o ke kinoea i loaʻa. ʻO ke kānāwai kahi hihia kikoʻī o ke kānāwai gas maikaʻi. ʻO kahi ʻōlelo i kēia manawa: Wahi a ke kānāwai ʻo Avogadro, "ʻo ka nui o nā kinoea like, no ka like o ka mahana a me ke kaomi, ua like ka nui o nā molekiola." No kekahi puʻuwai i hāʻawi ʻia no kahi kinoea kūpono, ka nui a me ka nui (moles) o ke kinoea i kaulike kaulike inā mau ka mahana a me ke kaomi.
Avogadro mau: ʻO ka Avogadro mau ( N A a L paha) ke kumu hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea konohiki (maʻa mau nā mole, nā ʻoma a ions) i kahi laʻana me ka nui o nā mea i loko o kēlā hāpana. ʻO kāna anakahi SI ka mole pānaʻi, a ua wehewehe ʻia me N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 . Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka ʻepekema ʻItalia ʻo Amedeo Avogadro. ʻOiai kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Avogadro mau (a helu paha), ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka chemist nāna i hoʻoholo i kona waiwai. Ua wehewehe ʻo Stanislao Cannizzaro i kēia helu i ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Avogadro i ka manawa ma ka Karlsruhe Congress ma 1860.
Avogadro: ʻO Avogadro kahi ʻohana Italia, lawe ʻia mai avogaro , kahi huaʻōlelo Venetian no kahi luna diocese. I ka makahiki 1389, ua hana ʻo Bishop Nicolò Beruti i ke keʻena ʻo avogaro i hoʻoilina, a me kekahi mau ʻohana hanohano me ka inoa ʻo Avogaro a i ʻole Avogadro i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā kenekulia aʻe, ma Brescia, Vercelli a me Treviso. ʻO Albert Avogadro, loio canon a me ka Patriarch Lākina o Ierusalema Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856), mea hana kemika. Kapa ʻia nā inoa ma hope ona: Avogadro paʻa mau Kānāwai ʻo Avogadro, he kānāwai kinoea kūpono ʻO ka papahana Avogadro, kahi papahana e hoʻokumu i ka paona kilogram maʻamau ma ka Avogadro mau, ma mua o kahi āpana metala Avogadro (lua), lua mahina Avogadro (polokalamu), hoʻoponopono mole Oscar Avogadro (1951–2010), mea kākau mele
Avogbana: ʻO Avogbana kahi arrondissement ma ka ʻoihana Zou o Benin. He mahele hoʻomalu ia ma lalo o ka mana o ke kaona ʻo Bohicon. Wahi a ka heluna heluna kanaka i mālama ʻia e ka Institut National de la Statistique Benin ma Pepeluali 15, 2002, he 5,172 ka huina nui o ka arrondissement.
ʻO Avognan Nogboun: ʻO Avognan Nogboun kahi sprint Ivorian. Ua hoʻokūkū ʻo ia i nā mika 400 kāne ma nā hoʻokūkū Olumepika 1976.
ʻO Avognan Nogboun: ʻO Avognan Nogboun kahi sprint Ivorian. Ua hoʻokūkū ʻo ia i nā mika 400 kāne ma nā hoʻokūkū Olumepika 1976.
Avogadro: ʻO Avogadro kahi ʻohana Italia, lawe ʻia mai avogaro , kahi huaʻōlelo Venetian no kahi luna diocese. I ka makahiki 1389, ua hana ʻo Bishop Nicolò Beruti i ke keʻena ʻo avogaro i hoʻoilina, a me kekahi mau ʻohana hanohano me ka inoa ʻo Avogaro a i ʻole Avogadro i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā kenekulia aʻe, ma Brescia, Vercelli a me Treviso. ʻO Albert Avogadro, loio canon a me ka Patriarch Lākina o Ierusalema Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856), mea hana kemika. Kapa ʻia nā inoa ma hope ona: Avogadro paʻa mau Kānāwai ʻo Avogadro, he kānāwai kinoea kūpono ʻO ka papahana Avogadro, kahi papahana e hoʻokumu i ka paona kilogram maʻamau ma ka Avogadro mau, ma mua o kahi āpana metala Avogadro (lua), lua mahina Avogadro (polokalamu), hoʻoponopono mole Oscar Avogadro (1951–2010), mea kākau mele
Avogadro mau: ʻO ka Avogadro mau ( N A a L paha) ke kumu hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea konohiki (maʻa mau nā mole, nā ʻoma a ions) i kahi laʻana me ka nui o nā mea i loko o kēlā hāpana. ʻO kāna anakahi SI ka mole pānaʻi, a ua wehewehe ʻia me N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 . Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka ʻepekema ʻItalia ʻo Amedeo Avogadro. ʻOiai kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Avogadro mau (a helu paha), ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka chemist nāna i hoʻoholo i kona waiwai. Ua wehewehe ʻo Stanislao Cannizzaro i kēia helu i ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Avogadro i ka manawa ma ka Karlsruhe Congress ma 1860.
Avogadro mau: ʻO ka Avogadro mau ( N A a L paha) ke kumu hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea konohiki (maʻa mau nā mole, nā ʻoma a ions) i kahi laʻana me ka nui o nā mea i loko o kēlā hāpana. ʻO kāna anakahi SI ka mole pānaʻi, a ua wehewehe ʻia me N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 . Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka ʻepekema ʻItalia ʻo Amedeo Avogadro. ʻOiai kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Avogadro mau (a helu paha), ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka chemist nāna i hoʻoholo i kona waiwai. Ua wehewehe ʻo Stanislao Cannizzaro i kēia helu i ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Avogadro i ka manawa ma ka Karlsruhe Congress ma 1860.
Isaac Aboab I: ʻO Rabi ʻIsaʻaka ben ʻAberahama Aboab i ʻike ʻia e kāna magnum opus, Menorat ha-Maor , he ʻumikūmālua kenekulia Sepania Talmudic scholar a me Kabbalist. Kaulana ʻia ʻo ia no kāna ʻike naʻau i nā puke rabbinic, i hui pū ʻia me ka Kabbalah Sepania o kēia wā.
He Leo no nā kāne: A Voice for Men , i kapa ʻia ʻo AVfM , AVFM a i ʻole AV4M , kahi ʻoihana no ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka loaʻa pono palena palena ʻole a me ka paʻi pūnaewele ʻana i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 2009 e Paul Elam. He mea kākoʻo i ka neʻe ʻana o nā kuleana kāne, a i ʻole "Men's Human Rights Activism", ʻo ia ka pūnaewele pono kāne nui a koʻikoʻi hoʻi. ʻO kāna kūlana hoʻoponopono he antifeminist ikaika a hoʻopiʻi pinepine i ka poʻe wahine no ka misandrist.
Pale aku: E nānā ʻole iā Eʻalo i:
Hoʻokele hoʻokele: ʻO ka hoʻokele pōpilikia ka ʻike, loiloi, a me ka prioritization o nā pilikia a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻopili a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o nā kumuwaiwai e hōʻemi, nānā, a kāohi i ka likelika a hopena paha o nā hanana maikaʻi ʻole a hoʻonui paha i ka ʻike o nā manawa kūpono.
Hōʻalo-Shift-hoʻomaikaʻi: Hōʻalo-Shift-Hoʻonui (ASI) kahi ala i ka hoʻomau i ke kaiapuni e ʻimi nei e hoʻonui i ka maikaʻi ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lawena mea kūʻai. ʻOiai i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā aʻo halihali, ua hoʻohana ʻia ia e pili i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana ai nā mea kūʻai i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe.
Pale memo: Ma Jazz kumumanaʻo, heʻaloʻana palapala aie o ka unahiʻole, i ka papahelu i ua noʻonoʻo pono oi loa dissonant pili i ke aloha ua hoʻohuʻuʻia e ke kumu chord, a ua penei maikai käpae '.
Wikipedia: Nānā kūlike ʻole:
Pale aku: E nānā ʻole iā Eʻalo i:
E hōʻalo i ka Pāka mālama mālama ʻāina ʻo Bay Bay: He wahi pale ʻo ka ʻĀpana Bay Islands Conservation Park i ka mokuʻāina ʻo Australia o South Australia e noho ana ʻekolu mokupuni aia ma komohana komohana o Coffin Bay o Eyre Peninsula. ʻO ka hui, i komo pū me nā Pōhaku ʻEleʻele a me ka Mokupuni Kūpono ʻo Jerk, e kākoʻo i nā lāhui hānau o nā manu kai a me nā māmela kai. Aia nā kolone o ka liona ʻAlani ʻAigelia weliweli a pale ʻia ʻo New Zealand Fur-sila ma kekahi o kēia mau mokupuni.
E hōʻalo iā Freud: Hōʻalo ʻo Freud i ka lua o nā mele na ka pāʻina nalu hou o Kanada ʻo Rough Trade, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 1980. Ua kau ʻia ma kahi o # 19 ma ka Chart Charts Top Albums o Kanada ma ka lā 14 Malaki 1981. (Nānā ʻia mai ka papa inoa waihona no kēia pule aʻe.) Ua hōʻoia ʻia ka album i gula ma Kanada e ka CRIA ma Malaki 1, 1981, a laila holomua i ka hōʻoia platinum e Iune o kēlā makahiki.
Hōʻalo i hoʻokahi mea: Hōʻalo ʻo One Thing i kahi hui punk i hoʻomaka ma ke ʻano he ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao na The Mighty Mighty Bosstones 'bassist ʻo Joe Gittleman. ʻO ka album mua a ka hui ʻo Bosetona, i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻalo i hoʻokahi mea , i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma 2002 ma Side One Dummy Records. Ua kākau ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia album e Gittleman. Ua ʻākoakoa ʻo Gittleman i kahi pāʻina e mākaʻikaʻi a hoʻokani i kāna mele. Ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka pāʻā aʻe o ka pāʻālua ma 2004, ua hele ka pāna ma o nā loli lineup. Ua hui ʻo John Lynch i ka pā ma hope o ka make ʻana o Dave Karcich ma muli o ka aneurysm o ka lolo. Ma hope, ua haʻalele ʻo Delano a hoʻomau ka bana ma ke ʻano he ʻekolu ʻāpana. Ua hoʻi ka hapakolu i ke keʻena studio a hoʻokuʻu iā Chopstick Bridge ma ka lā 4 o Mei 2004. Hōʻike kēia mele i nā hana like a nā lālā pāʻina ʻekolu a ʻokoʻa loa nā leo mai kā lākou mua ma nā ʻano he nui; Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Amy Griffin lāua ʻo Gittleman i nā leo alakaʻi ma kekahi mau ala. Ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o kēia album, ua holoholo ka bana a hiki i Pepeluali 2005 ma mua o ka hele hoʻomaha. Mai ia manawa mai, e hoʻokani ana ʻo Griffin i ke kika no Darkbuster a ua neʻe aku ʻo Gittleman i Los Angeles a he lālā hou no nā Bosstones hui hou ʻia. Ua hana ʻo Paul Delano i kahi ʻoki pōpilikia ma 2006 a ua mālama ʻia kahi ʻano o nā hōʻike pōmaikaʻi. Ua hui pū ʻo John Lynch me David Minehan a ke pāʻani nei i nā pahu no The Neighborhoods.
Hōʻalo i kahi mea (album): Hōʻalo iā One Thing ka pahu mele mua na ka band o ka inoa like. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 2002.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena Helicopter – ka wikiwiki: Ua ʻōlelo ʻo FAA "ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe a wikiwiki paha ʻo H / V pelekane e kahakaha nei i nā kūlana lele a palekana ʻole e pili ana i kahi helikopter kikoʻī. ua kapa ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he kurva a ka mea i make . " Kuhikuhi ka EASA iā ia ma ke ʻano he "kiʻekiʻe / wikiwiki e hōʻalo i ka piko ".
Hoʻololi kukuli: ʻO ke kuli ke kuli , a ʻo ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka maʻi o ke kuli , he hana ʻoki ia e hoʻololi ai i nā ʻāpana kaumaha o ke kuli e hoʻomaha ai i ka ʻeha a me ke kīnā ʻole. Hana pinepine ʻia ia no ka osteoarthritis, a no nā maʻi kuli ʻē aʻe e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis a me ka psoriatic arthritis. I nā mea maʻi me ka deformity koʻikoʻi mai ka holomua rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, a i ʻole ka osteoarthritis lōʻihi, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke ʻoki a hāpai i ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole kumu ʻo Osteoporosis i ka ʻeha o ke kuli, deformity, a i ʻole ka mumū a ʻaʻole ia he kumu e hana ai i ke kuli.
Pale memo: Ma Jazz kumumanaʻo, heʻaloʻana palapala aie o ka unahiʻole, i ka papahelu i ua noʻonoʻo pono oi loa dissonant pili i ke aloha ua hoʻohuʻuʻia e ke kumu chord, a ua penei maikai käpae '.
Kaʻauhau ʻauhau: ʻO ka ʻauhau ʻauhau ka hoʻohana kū kānāwai ʻana o ke aupuni ʻauhau i hoʻokahi panalāʻau i kahi pono ponoʻī e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka ʻauhau e uku ʻia e nā kānāwai i loko o ke kānāwai. ʻO kahi hale ʻauhau kahi ʻano ʻauhau ʻauhau, a ʻo nā wahi ʻauhau kahi mana e kōkua i ka hoʻemi ʻauhau.
Hōʻalo pi: ʻO Adam Void kahi mea pena, mea hoʻokani a me nā mea hana e noho ana ma Asheville, North Carolina. Ua hana ʻo Void ma lalo o ka pseudonym AVOID pi mai ka makahiki 1999 a ua hoʻopuka i nā hana lehulehu ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana noʻeau ma South Carolina a ma 2006 neʻe i Brooklyn, New York e hana graffiti ma kahi pae aupuni. I ka makahiki 2007, ua hoʻolauna hou ʻo ia i ka graffiti kinai ahi i Brooklyn, Nu Ioka ma o nā pūnaewele lehulehu kiʻekiʻe.
Hōʻalo i ka Mālamalama: Hōʻalo i ka Mālamalama ka lua o nā studio studio e ka Kelemania post-rock / post-metal band Ka lōʻihi o ke kahea ʻana. Ua paʻi ʻia ma 24 ʻApelila 2009 na Superball Music.
Ka Poakahi: ʻO ka Noid kahi ʻano hoʻolaha no Domino's Pizza i hana ʻia i nā makahiki 1980. Pākuʻi ʻia i ka lole ʻulaʻula, ʻili paʻa, a pepeiao pepeiao me kahi ʻeleʻele N i kākau ʻia i loko o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma kona umauma, ʻo ka Noid kahi hōʻike kino o nā pilikia āpau i loaʻa i ka pizza i lawe ʻia ma 30 mau minuke a ʻoi iki paha. ʻOiai kūpaʻa mau, ua hoʻokahuli pinepine ʻia kāna mau hana.
Ka Poakahi: ʻO ka Noid kahi ʻano hoʻolaha no Domino's Pizza i hana ʻia i nā makahiki 1980. Pākuʻi ʻia i ka lole ʻulaʻula, ʻili paʻa, a pepeiao pepeiao me kahi ʻeleʻele N i kākau ʻia i loko o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma kona umauma, ʻo ka Noid kahi hōʻike kino o nā pilikia āpau i loaʻa i ka pizza i lawe ʻia ma 30 mau minuke a ʻoi iki paha. ʻOiai kūpaʻa mau, ua hoʻokahuli pinepine ʻia kāna mau hana.
Ka Poakahi: ʻO ka Noid kahi ʻano hoʻolaha no Domino's Pizza i hana ʻia i nā makahiki 1980. Pākuʻi ʻia i ka lole ʻulaʻula, ʻili paʻa, a pepeiao pepeiao me kahi ʻeleʻele N i kākau ʻia i loko o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma kona umauma, ʻo ka Noid kahi hōʻike kino o nā pilikia āpau i loaʻa i ka pizza i lawe ʻia ma 30 mau minuke a ʻoi iki paha. ʻOiai kūpaʻa mau, ua hoʻokahuli pinepine ʻia kāna mau hana.
Pale memo: Ma Jazz kumumanaʻo, heʻaloʻana palapala aie o ka unahiʻole, i ka papahelu i ua noʻonoʻo pono oi loa dissonant pili i ke aloha ua hoʻohuʻuʻia e ke kumu chord, a ua penei maikai käpae '.
Ka hōʻole ʻana i ka hana: ʻO ka hōʻole ʻana i ka hana kahi hana e hōʻole ai ke kanaka i ka hana maʻamau.
Kumu hiki ʻole ke alo ʻia: I ka makemakika a me ka ʻepekema lolouila theoretical, he kumu hiki ʻole ke alo ʻia inā ʻaʻole hiki ke alo ʻia ma nā pīʻāpā palena palena.
Mālama i nā hopena i hōʻalo ʻia: ʻO ka rula o nā hopena i hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia he manaʻo ma ka jurisprudence o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i hele mai kahi kānāwai kū kānāwai e pāpā ana i ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā pohō i hiki i ka mea hoʻomāinoino hoʻomāinoino ke hōʻalo ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kūpono a i ʻole nā ​​lilo ma hope o ke kōmike ʻana o ka tort. " ʻIke ʻia kēia manaʻo he ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻeha kahi mea hoʻopiʻi e ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, pono ka mea hoʻopiʻi e hana i nā hana kūpono e hōʻalo i ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā ʻeha a ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia. Koe e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻĀpana (2), ʻaʻohe kuleana o kekahi i hōʻeha ʻia e kekahi o kekahi e kiʻi i nā uku pohō no nā mea ʻino i hiki iā ia ke hōʻalo ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kūpono a i ʻole nā ​​lilo ma hope o ke kōmike ʻana o ka tort. ʻAʻole pale ʻia kekahi mai ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā pohō no kekahi ʻeha i hopena ʻia mai ka tort inā ua manaʻo ka tortfeasor i ka ʻino a i ʻole e ʻike maka iā ia a mālama ʻole me ka manaʻo ʻole, ke ʻole ka mea ʻeha me ka ʻike i ka weliweli o ka ʻino me ka manaʻo ʻole a me ka nānā ʻole ʻole. pale i kāna mau pono ponoʻī.
Mālama i nā hopena i hōʻalo ʻia: ʻO ka rula o nā hopena i hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia he manaʻo ma ka jurisprudence o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i hele mai kahi kānāwai kū kānāwai e pāpā ana i ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā pohō i hiki i ka mea hoʻomāinoino hoʻomāinoino ke hōʻalo ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kūpono a i ʻole nā ​​lilo ma hope o ke kōmike ʻana o ka tort. " ʻIke ʻia kēia manaʻo he ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻeha kahi mea hoʻopiʻi e ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, pono ka mea hoʻopiʻi e hana i nā hana kūpono e hōʻalo i ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā ʻeha a ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia. Koe e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻĀpana (2), ʻaʻohe kuleana o kekahi i hōʻeha ʻia e kekahi o kekahi e kiʻi i nā uku pohō no nā mea ʻino i hiki iā ia ke hōʻalo ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kūpono a i ʻole nā ​​lilo ma hope o ke kōmike ʻana o ka tort. ʻAʻole pale ʻia kekahi mai ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā pohō no kekahi ʻeha i hopena ʻia mai ka tort inā ua manaʻo ka tortfeasor i ka ʻino a i ʻole e ʻike maka iā ia a mālama ʻole me ka manaʻo ʻole, ke ʻole ka mea ʻeha me ka ʻike i ka weliweli o ka ʻino me ka manaʻo ʻole a me ka nānā ʻole ʻole. pale i kāna mau pono ponoʻī.
Mālama i nā hopena i hōʻalo ʻia: ʻO ka rula o nā hopena i hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia he manaʻo ma ka jurisprudence o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i hele mai kahi kānāwai kū kānāwai e pāpā ana i ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā pohō i hiki i ka mea hoʻomāinoino hoʻomāinoino ke hōʻalo ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kūpono a i ʻole nā ​​lilo ma hope o ke kōmike ʻana o ka tort. " ʻIke ʻia kēia manaʻo he ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻeha kahi mea hoʻopiʻi e ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, pono ka mea hoʻopiʻi e hana i nā hana kūpono e hōʻalo i ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā ʻeha a ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia. Koe e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻĀpana (2), ʻaʻohe kuleana o kekahi i hōʻeha ʻia e kekahi o kekahi e kiʻi i nā uku pohō no nā mea ʻino i hiki iā ia ke hōʻalo ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kūpono a i ʻole nā ​​lilo ma hope o ke kōmike ʻana o ka tort. ʻAʻole pale ʻia kekahi mai ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā pohō no kekahi ʻeha i hopena ʻia mai ka tort inā ua manaʻo ka tortfeasor i ka ʻino a i ʻole e ʻike maka iā ia a mālama ʻole me ka manaʻo ʻole, ke ʻole ka mea ʻeha me ka ʻike i ka weliweli o ka ʻino me ka manaʻo ʻole a me ka nānā ʻole ʻole. pale i kāna mau pono ponoʻī.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike: I ka haʻuki o ke kaʻa heihei, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā moʻo he hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi no ka " ʻike hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia ". I kēlā ʻano hanana, kūlua nā kaʻa ʻelua a ʻoi paha i kahi ala i mea e hōʻino nui ai. A laila nānā nā luna heihei i ka hanana, a hāʻawi i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoholo inā he hiki ke pale ʻia. Inā hiki ke pale ʻia ka hoʻoholo, e hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka mea hoʻoulu o ka hoʻokuʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ia ke kalaiwa ʻana i nā ala āpau ma loko o ka pahu pit a i loko o kāna pahu lua a laila kaohi ʻia e noho a hiki i hoʻokahi minuke, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka poino.
Kumu hiki ʻole ke alo ʻia: I ka makemakika a me ka ʻepekema lolouila theoretical, he kumu hiki ʻole ke alo ʻia inā ʻaʻole hiki ke alo ʻia ma nā pīʻāpā palena palena.
Hōʻalo: Avoidance keʻano i: ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka lawelawe ʻana, kahi ʻano kope i manaʻo nui ʻia he maladaptive, no ka mea ke hāpai nei i kahi pane makaʻu i hoʻonui ʻia ma o ka hoʻoikaika maikaʻi ʻole ʻana. ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻalo Hōʻalo hakakā Hōʻalo hōʻaia, hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i nā manaʻo, nā manaʻo, nā hoʻomanaʻo, nā ʻano o ke kino, a me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe i loko Nā hana e kūʻē aku i ko Aboriginal Australia, nā pilina ma ke kaiāulu Aboriginal kuʻuna kahi e koi ʻia ai kekahi poʻe e hōʻalo i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ko lākou ʻohana a ʻohana paha. Hōʻalo (novel) , kahi moʻolelo no 2002 na Michael Lowenthal Pāʻani hōʻalo, kahi hana pāʻani kāleka ma ke alahaka ʻaelike i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale aku i kahi pale kūʻē mai ka lanakila ʻana i ka maʻalea
Hōʻalo hakakā: ʻO ka hōʻalo hakakā ka hana a ke kanaka e hana ai i ka hakakā, kahi e hoʻāʻo ai e hōʻalo pono i ka pilikia ma ka lima. Hiki i nā hana o ka hana ʻana i kēia ke hoʻopili i ke kumuhana, ke waiho nei i kahi kūkā a hiki i ka wā ma hope, a i ʻole ka lawe ʻole ʻana i ke kumuhana o ka paio. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka pale hakakā ma ke ʻano he manawa kuʻuna e kūʻai i ka manawa a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he mau no ka hoʻolei ʻana i kahi mea. ʻAʻole maopopo ka hope i ka ʻae maʻalahi i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, a hiki i ka poʻe e ʻalo nei i ka hakakā ke hoʻokaʻawale i ko lākou mau makemake ponoʻī i ka ʻaoʻao a lākou e hakakā. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka pale ʻana i ka hakakā ke lawe i ke ʻano o ka haʻalele ʻana mai ka pilina. No laila, hiki i nā hanana hōʻalo ke lilo i ka eo, eo i ka eo a i ʻole ka eo ʻana, inā ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pilina ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia.
Hōʻalo: Avoidance keʻano i: ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka lawelawe ʻana, kahi ʻano kope i manaʻo nui ʻia he maladaptive, no ka mea ke hāpai nei i kahi pane makaʻu i hoʻonui ʻia ma o ka hoʻoikaika maikaʻi ʻole ʻana. ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻalo Hōʻalo hakakā Hōʻalo hōʻaia, hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i nā manaʻo, nā manaʻo, nā hoʻomanaʻo, nā ʻano o ke kino, a me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe i loko Nā hana e kūʻē aku i ko Aboriginal Australia, nā pilina ma ke kaiāulu Aboriginal kuʻuna kahi e koi ʻia ai kekahi poʻe e hōʻalo i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ko lākou ʻohana a ʻohana paha. Hōʻalo (novel) , kahi moʻolelo no 2002 na Michael Lowenthal Pāʻani hōʻalo, kahi hana pāʻani kāleka ma ke alahaka ʻaelike i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale aku i kahi pale kūʻē mai ka lanakila ʻana i ka maʻalea
Hōʻike (novel): ʻO ka hōʻalo kahi puke no ka makahiki 2002 na Michael Lowenthal. Koho ʻia ia no kahi Makana Literda Lambda ma 2003.
ʻŌnaehana hōʻalo collision: ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana hōʻalo collision ( CAS ), i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana pōpilikia mua , ʻōnaehana hoʻolaha kūkā mua , a i ʻole ʻōnaehana hoʻōkui collision , kahi ʻōnaehana kōkua hoʻokele holomua i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale a hōʻemi paha i ka paʻakikī o kahi hoʻokuʻi. Ma kona ʻano kumu, nānā ka ʻōnaehana ʻōpala i mua i ka wikiwiki o ka kaʻa, ka wikiwiki o ke kaʻa i mua ona, a me ka mamao ma waena o nā kaʻa, i hiki ai ke hāʻawi i kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i ka mea hoʻokele inā kokoke loa nā kaʻa, hiki ke kōkua nei e hōʻalo i kahi kuʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenehana ʻokoʻa a me nā mea e loaʻa ai nā radar (ke aniani āpau) a i kekahi manawa laser (LIDAR) a me nā kāmela e ʻike ai i kahi ulia kokoke. Hiki i nā mea ʻike GPS ke ʻike i nā pilikia kūpilikiʻi e like me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana i nā hōʻailona kū ma o ka waihona wahi. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hele wāwae he hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano o nā ʻōnaehana.
ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino: ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻokoʻa ( AvPD ) kahi maʻi pilikino ʻo Cluster C kahi e kū ai ka ʻano hana nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino: ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻokoʻa ( AvPD ) kahi maʻi pilikino ʻo Cluster C kahi e kū ai ka ʻano hana nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
Pākuʻi hōʻalo: Iʻike manaʻo, avoidance kopina mea he kopinaʻano papa hana a me ke ano o experiential avoidance. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia e nā hana a ke kanaka, noʻonoʻo a ʻike ʻole paha, e hōʻalo i ka hana ʻana me kahi stressor i mea e pale aku ai iā ia iho mai nā pilikia a ka stressor. Hiki i ka pale ʻana i ka pale ʻana ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka lāʻau, ka haʻalele ʻana i ka nohona, a me nā ʻano pakele. ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻohana hōʻalo e alakaʻi i kahi hōʻailona o ka hōʻeha pilikino pilikino, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka poʻe e hōʻike i kēlā ʻano hana e kū i ka wehewehe o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi. ʻO ka hōʻalo ʻana i ke kūpina kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi kaumaha post-traumatic a pili i nā ʻōuli o ke kaumaha a me ka hopohopo. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka pale ʻana kahi ʻāpana o ke kumumanaʻo hakakā-hōʻalo hakakā i hoʻolauna ʻia e ka psychologist Kurt Lewin.
ʻ speechlelo hōʻalo: ʻO ka ʻalo ʻana i kahi kamaʻilio kahi hui o nā phenomena sociolinguistic kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi kaila ʻōlelo i kaupalena ʻia kūikawā ʻia i ke alo o a i ʻole pili i kekahi mau hoahānau. ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻōlelo hōʻalo ma nā ʻōlelo he nui Aboriginal Australia a me nā ʻōlelo Austronesian a me kekahi mau ʻōlelo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, nā ʻōlelo Highland East Cushitik a me nā ʻōlelo Bantu. Pāpā ka kapu inoa inoa Kina i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ke kākau ʻana i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​huapalapala i hōʻike ʻia i nā inoa o ka poʻe hanohano, e like me nā ʻemepela, nā mākua, a me nā kūpuna.
E aʻo i ka hōʻalo: ʻO kahi pane e hōʻalo ai kahi hana kūlike maoli i hana ʻia i ka pane ʻana i ka weliweli. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka hōʻalo nui e hāʻawi i nā maʻi hopohopo, alakaʻi i nā psychologists a me nā neuros Scientists e aʻo pehea e aʻo ʻia ai nā hana hōʻalo e hoʻohana ana i nā iole a iole paha. ʻO ke aʻo hōʻalo kahi ʻano hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho operant.
Kuʻikahi ʻauhau: Ua komo nā ʻāina he nui i loko o nā kuʻikahi ʻauhau me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e hōʻalo a hōʻemi paha i ka ʻauhau ʻelua. Hiki i kēlā mau kuʻikahi ke uhi i kahi ʻano o nā ʻauhau e like me nā ʻauhau loaʻa, nā ʻauhau hoʻoilina, nā ʻauhau hoʻohui waiwai, a i nā ʻauhau ʻē aʻe paha. Ma waho aʻe o nā kuʻikahi ʻelua, aia nā kuikahi multilateral i kahi. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻāpana nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa (EU) i kahi ʻaelike multilateral e pili ana i nā auhau i hoʻohui ʻia ma lalo o ka auspices o ka EU, ʻoiai he kuʻikahi kuikahi e pili ana i ke kōkua kūkaʻikahi o ka ʻaha kūkā o ʻEulopa a me ka ʻoihana no ka Hoʻohui waiwai a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana. (OECD) hāmama i nā ʻāina āpau. Hoʻololi nā kuʻikahi ʻauhau e hōʻemi i nā ʻauhau o kekahi ʻāina kuikahi no nā kamaʻāina o kekahi ʻāina kuʻikahi ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka ʻauhau ʻelua o ka loaʻa like.
Pāʻani hōʻalo: Ma aelike uwapo, avoidance hula o ka hula 'ana i kūpono e hiki ai declarer kāohi' ia paha i ka ua hoopakele ae mai ka lanakila i ka liana, no laila, i ka eschew i alakai pilikia mai ia lima. ʻO ka lima weliweli ka mea hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma o ka hanohano o ka mea hoʻolaha, e hāʻawi i kahi ruff i ka hoa a i ʻole kālā kālā i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā mea lanakila. Hiki ke nānā ʻia ka pāʻani hōʻalo ma ke ʻano he ʻano palekana keaka.
ʻO ka neʻe kūʻē ʻana: ʻO ka emigration kūʻē ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka emigration ma ke ʻano he tactical tactical ke manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i ka hoʻololi politika i kēia manawa i loko o kahi mana. ʻO Gene Sharp i ka The Politics of Nonviolent Action wehewehe i kēia ma ke ʻano he noncooperation kaiaulu.
Pākuʻi hōʻalo: ʻO ka hana hōʻalo kahi huaʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wehewehe ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka paramecium. Kōkua kēia i ke kele e hōʻalo i nā ālaina a hoʻopuka i nā mea ʻē aʻe e kū i waho o ka membrane waho o ka pūnaewele. Hana ka paramecium i kēia ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ke ala a kāna cilia kuʻi. ʻO kēia ka hopena i ke kū ʻana, ka wili ʻana a i ʻole ka huli ʻana, a ma hope o kēlā kiko e hoʻomaka hou ai ka paramecium e ʻauʻau i mua. Inā pili ka nui o nā ʻano hōʻalo ma mua o kekahi, hiki i ka paramecium ke ʻau i hope, ʻaʻole naʻe e ʻoluʻolu e like me ka ʻau ʻana i mua.
Pane i ka hōʻalo: ʻO kahi pane hōʻalo kahi pane e pale ai i kahi stimulus aversive mai kahi hanana. ʻO ia kahi ʻano o ka hoʻoikaika maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO kahi pane hōʻalo kahi hana i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka manaʻo e hōʻalo nā holoholona i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano hopena i hopena i ka hopena aversive. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili i ke aʻo ʻana ma o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka mea hoʻohana ke hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he ʻano hoʻomaʻamaʻa. He hopena ia i nā manaʻo makemake ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​pane e alakaʻi i ka hōʻalo ʻana i ka lawena e ukali ʻia e kēia mea hōʻeuʻeu a makaʻu ʻole paha.
ʻ speechlelo hōʻalo: ʻO ka ʻalo ʻana i kahi kamaʻilio kahi hui o nā phenomena sociolinguistic kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi kaila ʻōlelo i kaupalena ʻia kūikawā ʻia i ke alo o a i ʻole pili i kekahi mau hoahānau. ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻōlelo hōʻalo ma nā ʻōlelo he nui Aboriginal Australia a me nā ʻōlelo Austronesian a me kekahi mau ʻōlelo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, nā ʻōlelo Highland East Cushitik a me nā ʻōlelo Bantu. Pāpā ka kapu inoa inoa Kina i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ke kākau ʻana i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​huapalapala i hōʻike ʻia i nā inoa o ka poʻe hanohano, e like me nā ʻemepela, nā mākua, a me nā kūpuna.
ʻ speechlelo hōʻalo: ʻO ka ʻalo ʻana i kahi kamaʻilio kahi hui o nā phenomena sociolinguistic kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi kaila ʻōlelo i kaupalena ʻia kūikawā ʻia i ke alo o a i ʻole pili i kekahi mau hoahānau. ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻōlelo hōʻalo ma nā ʻōlelo he nui Aboriginal Australia a me nā ʻōlelo Austronesian a me kekahi mau ʻōlelo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, nā ʻōlelo Highland East Cushitik a me nā ʻōlelo Bantu. Pāpā ka kapu inoa inoa Kina i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ke kākau ʻana i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​huapalapala i hōʻike ʻia i nā inoa o ka poʻe hanohano, e like me nā ʻemepela, nā mākua, a me nā kūpuna.
ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino: ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻokoʻa ( AvPD ) kahi maʻi pilikino ʻo Cluster C kahi e kū ai ka ʻano hana nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino: ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻokoʻa ( AvPD ) kahi maʻi pilikino ʻo Cluster C kahi e kū ai ka ʻano hana nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
Paruresis: ʻO Paruresis , ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka maʻi maʻi bladder , kahi ʻano phobia kahi i hiki ʻole ai i ke kanaka ke mimi i ke kū maoli a i ʻole ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo o kekahi poʻe, e like me ka lumi hoʻomaha o ka lehulehu. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike e hoʻopili i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū i kapa ʻia ʻo parcopresis a i ʻole bowel hilahila.
ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino: ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻokoʻa ( AvPD ) kahi maʻi pilikino ʻo Cluster C kahi e kū ai ka ʻano hana nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino: ʻO ka maʻi pilikino ʻokoʻa ( AvPD ) kahi maʻi pilikino ʻo Cluster C kahi e kū ai ka ʻano hana nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ka ana ʻana i ka ʻupena: ʻO ka ana ʻana i ka ʻikepili kahi hana bila uila uila e ʻae ai i nā mea kūʻai aku e hana i kekahi a i ʻole kā lākou uila ponoʻī e hoʻohana i kēlā uila i kēlā me kēia manawa, ma kahi o ka manawa e hoʻokumu ʻia ai. He mea nui loa kēia me nā kumuwaiwai hou e like me ka makani a me ka lā, i hoʻouna ʻole ʻia. Hāʻawi ka launa upena mahina i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana i ka ikehu lā i hana ʻia i ka lā i ka pō, a i ʻole ka makani mai kahi lā makani ma hope o ka mahina. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana upena makahiki i ʻōwili ma luna o kahi net kilowatt-hour (kWh) hōʻaiʻē i ka mahina aʻe, e ʻae ana i ka mana o ka lā i hana ʻia i Iulai e hoʻohana ʻia i Kekemapa, a i ʻole ka mana makani mai Malaki i ʻAukake.
Nā Hoa Deforestation Hōʻalo: Avoided Deforestation Partners, a i ʻole AD Partners, he hui waiwai ʻole ma lalo o ka malu o ka Center for International Policy ma Wakinekona, ua pili ʻo DC AD Partners i ka hana o ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻoponopono i ka huliau i ka hana ʻana e hoʻopau i ka ululāʻau i nā ʻāina nāhelehele tropical. I ka pale ʻana i ka hana o ka ululāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ululāʻau e hoʻolako i nā ʻāina mahiʻai kumukūʻai, loaʻa i ka honua nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ke aniau o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻana i ke kalapona i ka lewa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i ka nāhelehele e ʻae ai i nā ululāʻau e hoʻopaʻa i ke kalapona a holoi i ka ea o nā mea haumia. Ma waho aʻe o ka pale ʻana i ko mākou ea maikaʻi, hana nā ululāʻau tropika i nā kūlana no ka ua, hoʻoulu hou i nā kumu wai, hāʻawi i nā wahi noho no nā mea kanu he nui a me nā holoholona, ​​a kākoʻo i kahi ala o ke ola no ka 1.6 biliona mau kānaka hilinaʻi. ʻ saylelo nā ʻepekema alakaʻi a me nā economists ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka wao nahele ka hana kūpono a scalable hoʻi o ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kinoea hoʻomehana honua. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, manaʻoʻiʻo lākou i ka pau ʻana o ka wao nahele e ʻokiʻoki i ka manawa no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia o ke aniau i ka hapalua.
ʻO ka ukana i pale ʻia: ʻO ke kaumaha i hōʻalo ʻia kahi ala i hoʻohana ʻia i ka loiloi pōʻaiapuni ola (LCA), keu hoʻi i ka pōʻaiapili o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ukana kaiapuni i mua o ka hana hou ʻana a hoʻohana hou paha. Ke hoʻoholo nei i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka huahana, hāʻawi ʻia ka huahana i "hōʻaiʻē" no nā mea i hana ʻia me ka hoʻopōaiapuni. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻōmole PET no ka hōʻaiʻē no ka PET i loaʻa iā lākou, no ka mea e hana hou ʻia kēia mea i mau huahana PET hou. Ua kapa ʻia kēia hōʻaiʻē "hōʻalo i nā ukana" no ka mea pili ia i ka hopena o ka hana puupaa i pale ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana hou.
Cadence: I ke kumumanaʻo mele o Western, ʻo ka cadence ka hopena o kahi huaʻōlelo kahi e hoʻokumu ai ka mele a i ʻole ke kūlike i kahi ʻano o ka hoʻonā. ʻO kahi cadence harmonic kahi holomua o ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau chords e hoʻopau ai i kahi huaʻōlelo, ʻāpana, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana mele. ʻO kahi cadence rhythmic kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e hōʻike i ka hopena o kahi huaʻōlelo. Kaha ʻia kahi cadence ʻoi aku a emi paha o "nāwaliwali" a i ʻole "ikaika" e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hopena e hāʻawi ai. ʻOiai e maʻa mau ʻia nā cadences e nā chord kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​neʻe melodic, ka hoʻohana ʻana o ia mau holomua ʻaʻole ia he cadence — pono ke ʻano o ka panina, e like me ka hopena o kahi māmalaʻōlelo. Pākuʻi ka mele Harmonic i kahi ʻāpana nui i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi o kahi cadence e kū ai.
Hōʻalo i ka hele: I ka physics physics a me ka chemistry quantum, ʻo ke keʻa i hōʻalo ʻia kahi hanana kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā eigenvalues ​​ʻelua o kahi matrix Hermitian e hōʻike ana i kahi helu i hiki ke nānā ʻia a ke kaukaʻi ʻia nei nā N mau kikoʻī maoli i ka waiwai ("keʻa") koe wale nō ma ka nui o nā kaha N -2 . Ua ʻike ʻia ka hanana like me ka theorem von Neumann – Wigner . I ka hihia o kahi moleola diatomic, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki i nā eigenvalues ​​keʻaʻa. I ka hihia o ka mole molike triatomic, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hiki i nā eigenvalues ​​ke kūlike wale ma kahi kiko hoʻokahi.
Hōʻalo i ka hele: I ka physics physics a me ka chemistry quantum, ʻo ke keʻa i hōʻalo ʻia kahi hanana kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā eigenvalues ​​ʻelua o kahi matrix Hermitian e hōʻike ana i kahi helu i hiki ke nānā ʻia a ke kaukaʻi ʻia nei nā N mau kikoʻī maoli i ka waiwai ("keʻa") koe wale nō ma ka nui o nā kaha N -2 . Ua ʻike ʻia ka hanana like me ka theorem von Neumann – Wigner . I ka hihia o kahi moleola diatomic, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki i nā eigenvalues ​​keʻaʻa. I ka hihia o ka mole molike triatomic, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hiki i nā eigenvalues ​​ke kūlike wale ma kahi kiko hoʻokahi.
Pāʻani Avoider-Enforcer: ʻO kahi pāʻani Avoider-Enforcer kahi ʻano o ka pāʻani kūlana. E like me ka nui o nā pāʻani hoʻonohonoho, wehewehe ʻia ia e kahi o nā kūlana / helu / mau mea a me kahi ʻohana o nā ʻāpana, i kapa ʻia ma aneʻi nā seti eo . Pāʻani ʻia e nā mea pāʻani ʻelua, i kapa ʻia ʻo Avoider a me Enforcer, a huli lākou i ke koho ʻana i nā mea a hiki i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā mea āpau. Lanakila ʻo Avoider inā hiki iā ia ke pale i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hoʻonohonoho eo; Lanakila ʻo Enforcer inā hoʻokele ʻo ia iā Avoider e lawe i kahi seti nalowale.
Void (kānāwai): Ma kānāwai, hōʻole 'ano o i pono ai. ʻO kahi hana, palapala, a kālepa paha i mea ʻole ʻole ia he hopena kū kānāwai. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo void ab initio , ʻo ia hoʻi "e mālama ʻia me ke kūpono ʻole mai kinohi mai," mai ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo latina ab initio ma ke ʻano he kūpono. No ka laʻana, ma na mea he nui jurisdictions kahi i kekahi kanaka no na ouli i ka palapala ma lalo o duress, i aelike ua malamaia lakou nei, me he mea ole ab initio. ʻO ka hui pinepine "null and void" kahi pāpālua kū kānāwai.
Ke pale nei i ka hoʻololi i ke aniau weliweli (2005 hālāwai kūkā): I ka makahiki 2005, he ʻaha kūkā kamaʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā loli weliweli o ke aniau: A Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases ninaninau ʻia ka loulou ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻomehana honua a me ka hoʻomehana honua a me nā hopena. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā mai ka ʻatikala 2 o ka palapala hoʻohui no ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ua ʻimi ka ʻaha kūkā i nā hopena e hiki ai i nā pae like ʻole o nā hoʻomehana kinoea hoʻomehana honua a pehea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai ke aniau i kahi pae i makemake ʻia. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ma lalo o ke pelekikena o ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa o ka G8, me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻepekema "kaulana" ma waena o ka honua mai nā ʻāina he 30. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e Dennis Tirpak a mālama ʻia e ka Hadley Center no ka wānana ʻana i ke aniau a me ka noiʻi ma Exeter, mai ka lā 1 Pepeluali a i ka lā 3 Pepeluali. ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā kekahi o nā hālāwai he nui e alakaʻi ana i ka Palapala Hoʻolaha ʻo 2015 Paris, kahi a ka ʻaha kaiāulu i ʻae ai e palena. hoʻomehana honua a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 ºC i mea e loaʻa ai kahi 50-50 manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā loli weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻi ʻia kahi helu noiʻi ma 2018 i kahi paepae e piʻi ai ka mahana i 4 a i ʻole 5 kekelē ma o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aniau, e hōʻike ana i ka paepae ma lalo o ka pahuhopu 2 ​​kekele.
Ke pale nei i ka hoʻololi i ke aniau weliweli (2005 hālāwai kūkā): I ka makahiki 2005, he ʻaha kūkā kamaʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā loli weliweli o ke aniau: A Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases ninaninau ʻia ka loulou ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻomehana honua a me ka hoʻomehana honua a me nā hopena. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā mai ka ʻatikala 2 o ka palapala hoʻohui no ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ua ʻimi ka ʻaha kūkā i nā hopena e hiki ai i nā pae like ʻole o nā hoʻomehana kinoea hoʻomehana honua a pehea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai ke aniau i kahi pae i makemake ʻia. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ma lalo o ke pelekikena o ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa o ka G8, me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻepekema "kaulana" ma waena o ka honua mai nā ʻāina he 30. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e Dennis Tirpak a mālama ʻia e ka Hadley Center no ka wānana ʻana i ke aniau a me ka noiʻi ma Exeter, mai ka lā 1 Pepeluali a i ka lā 3 Pepeluali. ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā kekahi o nā hālāwai he nui e alakaʻi ana i ka Palapala Hoʻolaha ʻo 2015 Paris, kahi a ka ʻaha kaiāulu i ʻae ai e palena. hoʻomehana honua a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 ºC i mea e loaʻa ai kahi 50-50 manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā loli weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻi ʻia kahi helu noiʻi ma 2018 i kahi paepae e piʻi ai ka mahana i 4 a i ʻole 5 kekelē ma o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aniau, e hōʻike ana i ka paepae ma lalo o ka pahuhopu 2 ​​kekele.
Ke pale nei i ka hoʻololi i ke aniau weliweli (2005 hālāwai kūkā): I ka makahiki 2005, he ʻaha kūkā kamaʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā loli weliweli o ke aniau: A Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases ninaninau ʻia ka loulou ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻomehana honua a me ka hoʻomehana honua a me nā hopena. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā mai ka ʻatikala 2 o ka palapala hoʻohui no ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ua ʻimi ka ʻaha kūkā i nā hopena e hiki ai i nā pae like ʻole o nā hoʻomehana kinoea hoʻomehana honua a pehea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai ke aniau i kahi pae i makemake ʻia. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ma lalo o ke pelekikena o ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa o ka G8, me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻepekema "kaulana" ma waena o ka honua mai nā ʻāina he 30. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e Dennis Tirpak a mālama ʻia e ka Hadley Center no ka wānana ʻana i ke aniau a me ka noiʻi ma Exeter, mai ka lā 1 Pepeluali a i ka lā 3 Pepeluali. ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā kekahi o nā hālāwai he nui e alakaʻi ana i ka Palapala Hoʻolaha ʻo 2015 Paris, kahi a ka ʻaha kaiāulu i ʻae ai e palena. hoʻomehana honua a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 ºC i mea e loaʻa ai kahi 50-50 manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā loli weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻi ʻia kahi helu noiʻi ma 2018 i kahi paepae e piʻi ai ka mahana i 4 a i ʻole 5 kekelē ma o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aniau, e hōʻike ana i ka paepae ma lalo o ka pahuhopu 2 ​​kekele.
Ke pale nei i ka hoʻololi i ke aniau weliweli (2005 hālāwai kūkā): I ka makahiki 2005, he ʻaha kūkā kamaʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā loli weliweli o ke aniau: A Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases ninaninau ʻia ka loulou ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻomehana honua a me ka hoʻomehana honua a me nā hopena. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā mai ka ʻatikala 2 o ka palapala hoʻohui no ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ua ʻimi ka ʻaha kūkā i nā hopena e hiki ai i nā pae like ʻole o nā hoʻomehana kinoea hoʻomehana honua a pehea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai ke aniau i kahi pae i makemake ʻia. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ma lalo o ke pelekikena o ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa o ka G8, me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻepekema "kaulana" ma waena o ka honua mai nā ʻāina he 30. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e Dennis Tirpak a mālama ʻia e ka Hadley Center no ka wānana ʻana i ke aniau a me ka noiʻi ma Exeter, mai ka lā 1 Pepeluali a i ka lā 3 Pepeluali. ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā kekahi o nā hālāwai he nui e alakaʻi ana i ka Palapala Hoʻolaha ʻo 2015 Paris, kahi a ka ʻaha kaiāulu i ʻae ai e palena. hoʻomehana honua a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 ºC i mea e loaʻa ai kahi 50-50 manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā loli weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻi ʻia kahi helu noiʻi ma 2018 i kahi paepae e piʻi ai ka mahana i 4 a i ʻole 5 kekelē ma o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aniau, e hōʻike ana i ka paepae ma lalo o ka pahuhopu 2 ​​kekele.
Ke pale nei i ka ʻenekini kinai lehulehu: ʻO ka ʻalo ʻana i ka Mass Extinctions Engine kahi ʻoihana ʻike ʻike kaiapuni e hāʻawi i kahi hōkeoʻikepili lehulehu manuahi o nā hana kaiapuni a me nā hana kālā. Hāʻawi kekahi i kahi lawelawe anamanaʻo uku e kōkua i nā ʻoihana e ʻike i ka makaʻu i kā lākou mau lako lako.
Hōʻike (ʻepekema lolouila): I nā māla o ka hōkeo ʻikepili a me ka hana ʻana i ka hana, kahi papa kuhikuhi o kahi ʻōnaehana kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e wehewehe i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā hana e holo ana i ka ʻōnaehana. ʻO ka manawa pinepine kahi papa inoa o nā hana (nā hana) i kauoha ʻia e ka manawa, hana ʻia e kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā hana i hana pū ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻoka i ka manawa ma waena o kekahi mau hana e ka ʻōnaehana, a laila hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻāpana hapa . Ke noi nei nā hiʻohiʻona o ia mau hana i kahi hana heluhelu, heluhelu, kākau, hoʻopau ʻana, hana ʻana, noi ʻana i kahi laka, laka, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻano hana a pau i kahi papa manawa, a maʻa mau nā ʻano hana i wae ʻia, e like me ka mea e pono ai. kumu e pili ana a wehewehe i kekahi mau phenomena. ʻO nā papa kuhikuhi a me nā pono papa manawa nā manaʻo nui i ka ʻikepili concurrency control database.
Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻololi i ke aniau: Huliau mitigation ninoieo o ka hana, e kali ka hoʻomehana honua a me kona nā 'ole. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā hoʻokuʻu kanaka o nā kinoea hoʻomehana honua (GHGs) a me nā hana e hōʻemi ai i ko lākou manaʻo i ka lewa. ʻO ia kekahi o nā ala e pane ai i ka huliau, me ka hoʻopili ʻana.
Ke pale nei i ka hoʻololi i ke aniau weliweli (2005 hālāwai kūkā): I ka makahiki 2005, he ʻaha kūkā kamaʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā loli weliweli o ke aniau: A Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases ninaninau ʻia ka loulou ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻomehana honua a me ka hoʻomehana honua a me nā hopena. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā mai ka ʻatikala 2 o ka palapala hoʻohui no ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ua ʻimi ka ʻaha kūkā i nā hopena e hiki ai i nā pae like ʻole o nā hoʻomehana kinoea hoʻomehana honua a pehea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai ke aniau i kahi pae i makemake ʻia. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ma lalo o ke pelekikena o ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa o ka G8, me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻepekema "kaulana" ma waena o ka honua mai nā ʻāina he 30. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e Dennis Tirpak a mālama ʻia e ka Hadley Center no ka wānana ʻana i ke aniau a me ka noiʻi ma Exeter, mai ka lā 1 Pepeluali a i ka lā 3 Pepeluali. ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā kekahi o nā hālāwai he nui e alakaʻi ana i ka Palapala Hoʻolaha ʻo 2015 Paris, kahi a ka ʻaha kaiāulu i ʻae ai e palena. hoʻomehana honua a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 ºC i mea e loaʻa ai kahi 50-50 manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā loli weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻi ʻia kahi helu noiʻi ma 2018 i kahi paepae e piʻi ai ka mahana i 4 a i ʻole 5 kekelē ma o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aniau, e hōʻike ana i ka paepae ma lalo o ka pahuhopu 2 ​​kekele.
Ke pale nei i ka hoʻololi i ke aniau weliweli (2005 hālāwai kūkā): I ka makahiki 2005, he ʻaha kūkā kamaʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā loli weliweli o ke aniau: A Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases ninaninau ʻia ka loulou ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻomehana honua a me ka hoʻomehana honua a me nā hopena. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā mai ka ʻatikala 2 o ka palapala hoʻohui no ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ua ʻimi ka ʻaha kūkā i nā hopena e hiki ai i nā pae like ʻole o nā hoʻomehana kinoea hoʻomehana honua a pehea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai ke aniau i kahi pae i makemake ʻia. Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ma lalo o ke pelekikena o ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa o ka G8, me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻepekema "kaulana" ma waena o ka honua mai nā ʻāina he 30. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e Dennis Tirpak a mālama ʻia e ka Hadley Center no ka wānana ʻana i ke aniau a me ka noiʻi ma Exeter, mai ka lā 1 Pepeluali a i ka lā 3 Pepeluali. ʻO ka ʻaha kūkā kekahi o nā hālāwai he nui e alakaʻi ana i ka Palapala Hoʻolaha ʻo 2015 Paris, kahi a ka ʻaha kaiāulu i ʻae ai e palena. hoʻomehana honua a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 ºC i mea e loaʻa ai kahi 50-50 manawa e hōʻalo ai i nā loli weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻi ʻia kahi helu noiʻi ma 2018 i kahi paepae e piʻi ai ka mahana i 4 a i ʻole 5 kekelē ma o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aniau, e hōʻike ana i ka paepae ma lalo o ka pahuhopu 2 ​​kekele.
Kaʻauhau ʻauhau: ʻO ka ʻauhau ʻauhau ka hoʻohana kū kānāwai ʻana o ke aupuni ʻauhau i hoʻokahi panalāʻau i kahi pono ponoʻī e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka ʻauhau e uku ʻia e nā kānāwai i loko o ke kānāwai. ʻO kahi hale ʻauhau kahi ʻano ʻauhau ʻauhau, a ʻo nā wahi ʻauhau kahi mana e kōkua i ka hoʻemi ʻauhau.
ʻO ka paio mai nā hōʻike kū ʻole ʻole. ʻO ka paio mai nā hōʻike kūlike ʻole he hoʻopaʻapaʻa i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻike ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke koho i kekahi hoʻomana ma mua o kekahi a ʻo kā lākou hōʻike ʻana he kūlike ʻole kekahi me kekahi a ʻaʻole hiki i nā hoʻomana ʻelua he ʻoiaʻiʻo.
ʻO ka paio mai nā hōʻike kū ʻole ʻole. ʻO ka paio mai nā hōʻike kūlike ʻole he hoʻopaʻapaʻa i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻike ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke koho i kekahi hoʻomana ma mua o kekahi a ʻo kā lākou hōʻike ʻana he kūlike ʻole kekahi me kekahi a ʻaʻole hiki i nā hoʻomana ʻelua he ʻoiaʻiʻo.
Evasion (ethics): Ma nā mea pono, evasion mea he hana e hoopunipuni ana e hai mai ana i ka'ōleloʻoiaʻiʻo i mea pili 'ole hiki aku ai a hiki i ka hopena wahahee. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻike kekahi kanaka aia kekahi kāne i loko o kahi lumi i loko o ka hale no ka mea ua lohe ʻo ia iā ia, akā i ka pane ʻana i kahi nīnau, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "ʻAʻole au i ʻike iā ia," no laila ke pale nei i ka wahaheʻe a me ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻike.
Hōʻike (ʻepekema lolouila): I nā māla o ka hōkeo ʻikepili a me ka hana ʻana i ka hana, kahi papa kuhikuhi o kahi ʻōnaehana kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e wehewehe i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā hana e holo ana i ka ʻōnaehana. ʻO ka manawa pinepine kahi papa inoa o nā hana (nā hana) i kauoha ʻia e ka manawa, hana ʻia e kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā hana i hana pū ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻoka i ka manawa ma waena o kekahi mau hana e ka ʻōnaehana, a laila hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻāpana hapa . Ke noi nei nā hiʻohiʻona o ia mau hana i kahi hana heluhelu, heluhelu, kākau, hoʻopau ʻana, hana ʻana, noi ʻana i kahi laka, laka, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻano hana a pau i kahi papa manawa, a maʻa mau nā ʻano hana i wae ʻia, e like me ka mea e pono ai. kumu e pili ana a wehewehe i kekahi mau phenomena. ʻO nā papa kuhikuhi a me nā pono papa manawa nā manaʻo nui i ka ʻikepili concurrency control database.
Hedwig (inoa): ʻO Hedwig kahi wahine wahine Kelemania i hāʻawi ʻia i ka inoa, mai Old High German Hadwig, Hadewig, Haduwig . He inoa Kelemania ia e pili ana i nā mea ʻelua hadu "kaua, hakakā" a me wig "hakakā, duel".
ʻO Hedwig o Sākona: ʻO Hedwige o Sākona , kahi lālā o ka moʻokūʻauhau Ottonian, ʻo ia ka wahine a Duchess o ka poʻe Franks ma kāna male ʻana i ka duke Robertian ʻo Hugh ka Nui. I ka make ʻana o kāna kāne ma 956, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kuhina i ka wā o ka hapa nui o kā lāua keikikāne ʻo Hugh Capet, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka House Elder o Capet.
ʻO Avoine: ʻO Avoine ka inoa o nā komes aʻe ma Palani: ʻO Avoine, Indre-et-Loire, ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Indre-et-Loire ʻO Avoine, Orne, ma ka ʻoihana ʻo Orne
ʻO Avoine, Indre-et-Loire: He aupuni ʻo Avoine ma ka moku ʻo Indre-et-Loire ma waena o Palani.
ʻO Avoine, Orne: He aupuni ʻo Avoine ma ke keʻena ʻo Orne ma ke komohana ʻākau o Palani.
ʻO Avoine: ʻO Avoine ka inoa o nā komes aʻe ma Palani: ʻO Avoine, Indre-et-Loire, ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Indre-et-Loire ʻO Avoine, Orne, ma ka ʻoihana ʻo Orne
ʻO Avoine OCC: ʻO Avoine Olympique Chinon Cinais kahi kalapu pôpeku hui French i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1963. Aia lākou ma ke kaona ʻo Avoine, Indre-et-Loire a ʻo ko lākou kahua kahua home ka Stade Marcel Vignaud. Mai ka manawa o 2017-18, hoʻokani ka lāʻau i ka Championnat National 3, ka ʻelima pae o ka pīpeku Palani. Ma 2013 ua ʻae lākou i ko lākou inoa o kēia manawa ma hope o ka hui ʻana me FC Chinon .
Ma hope o 20 mau makahiki: ʻO Avoir 20 ans dans les Aurès kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni 1972.
Ma hope o 20 mau makahiki: ʻO Avoir 20 ans dans les Aurès kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni 1972.
LHOOQ: ʻO LHOOQ kahi hana noʻeau na Marcel Duchamp. Ua hāpai mua ʻia ma 1919, ka hana kekahi o nā mea a Duchamp i kuhikuhi ai me he readymades, a i ʻole kikoʻī i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i hana ʻia. ʻO ka mākaukau e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā mea maʻamau, hoʻohana pinepine ʻole ʻia he mea ʻole a hoʻololi ʻia iā lākou, e ka hoʻohui ʻana iā lākou, ka hoʻololi ʻana iā lākou, a i ʻole ka inoa hou ʻana a me ka hoʻohou hou ʻana iā lākou a kau iā lākou i kahi hoʻonohonoho kūpono. Ma LHOOQ ka mea i loaʻa he palapala kāleka postcard no Leonardo da Vinci i pena ʻia ʻo Mona Lisa i ke kenekulia 16 ma kahi a Duchamp i huki ai i ka ʻumiʻumi a me ka ʻumiʻumi i ka penikala a hoʻopili i ke poʻo inoa.
ʻŌnaehana Avoirdupois: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois kahi ʻōnaehana ana o nā paona e hoʻohana ana i nā paona a me nā auneke i nā ʻāpana. Ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka 13th kenekulia AD a ua hoʻohou ʻia i ka makahiki 1959.
ʻŌnaehana Avoirdupois: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois kahi ʻōnaehana ana o nā paona e hoʻohana ana i nā paona a me nā auneke i nā ʻāpana. Ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka 13th kenekulia AD a ua hoʻohou ʻia i ka makahiki 1959.
Pākani (anakahi): ʻO ka dram kahi anakahi o ka lehulehu ma ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois, a ʻo kahi ʻāpana o ka nui a me kahi anakahi o ka leo i nā ʻōnaehana apothecaries. He moni mua ia a me ke kaupaona ma Helene kahiko. Kāhea ʻia ka anakahi o ka leo i kahi dram fluid , drachm fluid , fluidram a fluidrachm paha.
ʻAunaki: ʻO ka auneke ka inoa o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka nui, kaupaona a i ʻole ka leo a ʻaneʻane hoʻololi ʻia mai ka uncia , kahi ʻāpana Roman kahiko o ke ana ʻana.
Kālā (nui): ʻO ka paona a i ʻole ka paona paona kahi unahi o ka nuipa i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka Emepera Pelekane a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau o ke ana ʻana. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano wehewehe like ʻole; ʻo ka mea maʻamau i kēia lā ka paona avoirdupois o ka honua, i wehewehe pono ʻia e like me ka 0.453 592 37 kilokika kikoʻī , a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 16 auneke avoirdupois. ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka honua no ka paona avoirdupois he lb ; he hōʻailona koho ka lb m , # , a me ℔ a ″ ̶ .
Kālā (nui): ʻO ka paona a i ʻole ka paona paona kahi unahi o ka nuipa i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka Emepera Pelekane a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau o ke ana ʻana. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano wehewehe like ʻole; ʻo ka mea maʻamau i kēia lā ka paona avoirdupois o ka honua, i wehewehe pono ʻia e like me ka 0.453 592 37 kilokika kikoʻī , a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 16 auneke avoirdupois. ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka honua no ka paona avoirdupois he lb ; he hōʻailona koho ka lb m , # , a me ℔ a ″ ̶ .
ʻŌnaehana Avoirdupois: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois kahi ʻōnaehana ana o nā paona e hoʻohana ana i nā paona a me nā auneke i nā ʻāpana. Ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka 13th kenekulia AD a ua hoʻohou ʻia i ka makahiki 1959.
ʻŌnaehana Avoirdupois: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois kahi ʻōnaehana ana o nā paona e hoʻohana ana i nā paona a me nā auneke i nā ʻāpana. Ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka 13th kenekulia AD a ua hoʻohou ʻia i ka makahiki 1959.
ʻŌnaehana Avoirdupois: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois kahi ʻōnaehana ana o nā paona e hoʻohana ana i nā paona a me nā auneke i nā ʻāpana. Ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka 13th kenekulia AD a ua hoʻohou ʻia i ka makahiki 1959.
ʻŌnaehana Avoirdupois: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana avoirdupois kahi ʻōnaehana ana o nā paona e hoʻohana ana i nā paona a me nā auneke i nā ʻāpana. Ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka 13th kenekulia AD a ua hoʻohou ʻia i ka makahiki 1959.
Avoise: He aupuni ʻo Avoise ma ka moku ʻo Sarthe ma ka moku ʻo Pays de la Loire ma ka ʻākau komohana o Palani.
ʻO Avoise de Craon: ʻO Avoise de Craon ke kaikamahine a Maurice II de Craon a me ka wahine a Guy V de Laval.
Ka hoʻokō ʻole ʻauhau: ʻO ka hana ʻole ʻauhau kahi ʻano o nā hana i maikaʻi ʻole i ka ʻōnaehana ʻauhau aupuni. Pākuʻi ʻia paha kēia i ka ʻauhau ʻauhau, ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻauhau ʻana ma o nā kumu kū kānāwai, a me ka hōʻalo ʻauhau ʻana i ka uku ʻole ʻia o nā kuleana ʻauhau. Hoʻohana ʻokoʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo "noncompliance" e nā mea kākau ʻokoʻa. ʻO kāna hoʻohana maʻamau e wehewehe nei i nā ʻano kūlike ʻole e pili ana i nā lula ʻokoʻa i loaʻa i ka mea a Edgar L. Feige i kāhea ai i nā hoʻokele waiwai i ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka mālama ʻole i nā lula pili kālā o ka ʻauhau e ala ai ka loaʻa kālā ʻole i hōʻike ʻia a me kahi ʻauhau ʻauhau a Feige i manaʻo ai aia ma kahi o $ 500 biliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Avoiuli: ʻO Avoiuli kahi ʻōnaehana kākau i hoʻohana ʻia e ka neʻe ʻōiwi Turaga ma ka Pentecost Island ma Vanuatu. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e Aliʻi Viraleo Boborenvanua ma kahi o 14 mau makahiki, e pili ana i nā hoʻolālā i loaʻa i nā kiʻi one kuʻuna, a manaʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻōiwi kūloko i ka pīʻāpā Latina. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ke kākau ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Raga ʻōiwi o ia wahi, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe e like me Apma, Bislama a me English.
ʻ Avlelo Avok: ʻO Avok kahi ʻōlelo Oceanic e ʻōlelo ʻia ma Malakula Hema, Vanuatu.
ʻ Avlelo Avok: ʻO Avok kahi ʻōlelo Oceanic e ʻōlelo ʻia ma Malakula Hema, Vanuatu.
ʻApocado: ʻO ka avocado , kahi kumulāʻau e hoʻomaka paha mai ka hema-waena ʻo Mexico, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka ʻohana mea kanu pua ʻo Lauraceae. ʻO ka hua o ka mea kanu, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he avocado, he botanically kahi hua nui i loaʻa kahi hua nui hoʻokahi. ʻO nā lāʻau Avocado kahi pollination ponoʻī, a hoʻolaha pinepine ʻia ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana ʻana e mālama i ka maikaʻi o ka hua a me ka nui.
ʻO Avokati i Popullit: ʻO ka People's Advocate ke keʻena Albanian o ka ombudsman, kahi hui aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo kaulike i ka lehulehu.
ʻO Avokati i Popullit: ʻO ka People's Advocate ke keʻena Albanian o ka ombudsman, kahi hui aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo kaulike i ka lehulehu.
ʻ Avlelo Avokaya: ʻO Avokaya kahi ʻōlelo Sudanic Waena i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hema o South Sudan a me nā ʻāpana o ka Lepupalika Kemokalaka o Kongo.