Auditory arrhythmia, Auditory brainstem response, Auditory display

Audhythm arrhythmia: ʻO Auditory arrhythmia ka hiki ʻole i ka rhythmically hana mele, e mālama i ka manawa, a kope i nā mele a i ʻole nā ​​mele mele. Ua kumu ʻia e ka hōʻino ʻia o ka cerebrum a i ʻole rewiring o ka lolo.
Pane ʻōnaehana auditory: ʻO ka pane ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe lohe pepeiao ( ABR ) kahi auditory i hoʻāla ʻia i hiki ke unuhi ʻia mai ka hana uila e hoʻomau nei i ka lolo a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma o nā electrodes i kau ʻia ma ka ʻili. ʻO ke ana ʻana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he moʻo o ʻeono a ʻehiku vertex mau nalu maikaʻi a I ma o V e loiloi ʻia ai. ʻO kēia mau nalu, i lepili ʻia me nā helu Roma ma Jewett a me ka hui ʻo Williston , i loko o nā 10 mau milliseconds mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi mea hoʻolohe. Manaʻo ʻia ka ABR he pane exogenous no ka mea pili ia i nā kumu kūwaho.
Hōʻike auditory: ʻO ka hōʻike Auditory ka hoʻohana o ke kani e kamaʻilio i ka ʻike mai kahi kamepiula i ka mea hoʻohana. ʻO ke kolamu mua no ka ʻimi ʻana i kēia mau ʻenehana ka International Community for Auditory Display (ICAD), i hoʻokumu ʻia e Gregory Kramer ma 1992 ma ke ʻano he wahi kūkā no ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kula.
ʻO ka Algorithm Loiloi Haumāna Auditory no nā Kānaka: ʻO ka Algorithm Loiloi Loiloi Hazard no nā Kānaka (AHAAH) kahi hiʻohiʻona makemakika o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe kanaka e helu ana i ka makaʻu o ka lohe kanaka ma muli o ke kū ʻana i nā leo impulse, e like me ka pū ʻana o ka pū a me ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻeke. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia e ka US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) e loiloi i ka maikaʻi o ka lohe ʻana i nā pono hoʻomalu a kōkua i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mīkini a me nā mea kaua e palekana iā lākou no ka mea hoʻohana.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻohui auditory: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻohui Auditory (AIT), kahi hana i paionia ʻia ma Palani e Guy Bérard, nāna i hoʻolahalaha iā ia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau no ke kaumaha maʻi maʻi a me nā ʻano suicidal, a me nā mea āna i ʻōlelo ai he hopena maikaʻi loa no ka dislexia a me ka autism, ʻoiai he mea liʻiliʻi loa. nā hōʻike empirical e pili ana i kēia ʻōlelo. Pili pinepine ia i nā kau ma ka hapalua hola ma mua o 10 mau lā e hoʻolohe ana i nā mele i kānana ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā makahiki 1990 mua ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no ka autism; ua hoʻolaha ʻia ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no ADHD, kaumaha, a me nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻo AIT i nā kūlana ʻepekema no ka pono e hōʻoia i kāna hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no kekahi ʻano.
ʻAlalā Cochlear: ʻO ke aʻalolo cochlear kekahi o nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ke aʻalolo vestibulocochlear, kahi aʻa cranial i loaʻa i nā amniotes, ʻo kahi ʻāpana ʻo ke aʻa vestibular. Lawe ke aʻalolo cochlear i ka ʻike lohe mai ka cochlea o ka pepeiao o loko i pololei i ka lolo. ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke aʻalolo vestibulocochlear ʻo ia ke aʻalolo vestibular, kahi e lawe ai i ka ʻike orientation spatial i ka lolo mai nā canal semicircular, i ʻike ʻia ʻo duct semicircular.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi neuropathy auditory: ʻO kahi maʻi neuropathy spectrum maʻi ( ANSD ) kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka nalo hoʻolohe ʻana i wehewehe ʻia e ke kū ʻana o nā mea i hōʻili ʻia ʻo otoacoustic (OAE) maʻamau akā ʻaʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o nā reflexes pepeiao waena waena a me nā pane ʻōnaehana audory auditory (ABRs).
Nā Ossicles: ʻO nā ossicle he mau iwi ʻekolu ma nā pepeiao waena waena i waena o nā iwi liʻiliʻi loa i ke kino o ke kanaka. Lawe lākou i nā leo mai ka lewa i ka labyrinth i piha i ka wai (cochlea). ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ossicle auditory e lilo i ka nalowale hoʻolohe ʻana i ka waena. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "ossicle" ʻo ia hoʻi "iwi liʻiliʻi". ʻOiai paha e kuhikuhi ka huaʻōlelo i kekahi iwi liʻiliʻi ma loko o ke kino, pili mau ia i ka malleus, incus, a me nā stapes o ka pepeiao waena.
Maʻi maʻi a me ka Auditory: ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoponopono Auditory ( APD ), ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia ʻo King-Kopetzky Syndrome a i ʻole kīnā kīnā me ka hoʻolohe maʻamau ( ADN ), he manawa hoʻomalu ia no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo i ka lohe pepeiao. ʻO nā mea me APD maʻamau ka hanana maʻamau a me ka hana o ka pepeiao waho, waena, a me loko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike a lākou e lohe ai ma ke ʻano like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i nā leo, keu hoʻi nā leo haku mele. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia mau pilikia e ala aʻe mai ka hana ʻole ma ka ʻōnaehana waena.
Kani: I ke kālaikūlohea, he kani ka haʻalulu e hoʻolaha ma ke ʻano he nalu acoustic, ma o ka mea lawe e like me ke kinoea, wai a paʻa paha.
Nānā ākea Auditory: ʻO ka nānā ākea Auditory kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka nānā, e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike auditory i kahi i ka lewa.
Auditory Verbal UK: He kōkua manawaleʻa ʻo Auditory Verbal UK ( AVUK ) i nā pēpē kuli a me nā keiki o nā makahiki 0 - 5 e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻolohe a kamaʻilio. Hana nā mea hoʻoponopono Auditory Verbal ma AVUK me nā ʻohana makemake i kā lākou keiki e hoʻomohala i ka kamaʻilio waha. Hāpai lākou i nā mākua a me nā kahu me nā mākau a me nā hoʻolālā ma ke kumu hoʻokahi e kōkua i kā lākou keiki e hoʻomohala i kā lākou hoʻolohe ʻana, ke kamaʻilio ʻana, ka noʻonoʻo ʻana a me ka mākau pilikanaka.
Agnosia auditor: Auditory agnosia kahi ʻano o ka agnosia i hōʻike mua iā ia iho i ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike a ʻokoʻa paha i waena o nā leo. ʻAʻole ia he kīnā o ka pepeiao a i ʻole "lohe", akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka lolo ke hana i ka manaʻo maikaʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka ʻino kūloko i ka gyrus temporal kiʻekiʻe ma mua, ʻo ia kahi ʻāpana o ke ala hoʻolohe e kuleana ai no ka ʻike leo, ke ala "hea".
Aphasia: ʻAʻole hiki iā Aphasia ke hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomohala i ka ʻōlelo no ka mea hōʻino i nā wahi lolo kikoʻī. ʻO nā kumu nui kahi ulia pōpō cerebral (stroke) a ʻeha poʻo poʻo paha. Hiki i ka Aphasia ke hopena i nā tumors lolo, nā maʻi lolo, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi neurodegenerative, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hopena.
Audhythm arrhythmia: ʻO Auditory arrhythmia ka hiki ʻole i ka rhythmically hana mele, e mālama i ka manawa, a kope i nā mele a i ʻole nā ​​mele mele. Ua kumu ʻia e ka hōʻino ʻia o ka cerebrum a i ʻole rewiring o ka lolo.
Mele: ʻO ke mele ke akamai o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā leo i ka manawa e hana i kahi mele ma o nā mea o ke mele, ke kuʻikahi, ke mele, a me ka timbre. ʻO ia kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona moʻomeheu āpau o nā kaiāulu kanaka āpau. ʻO nā wehewehe ākea o ke mele e pili ana i nā mea maʻamau e like me ka pitch, rhythm, dynamics, a me nā sonic o ka timbre a me ke ʻano. Hiki i nā kaila ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano mele ke hoʻokūkala, hoʻoliʻiliʻi a haʻalele paha i kekahi o kēia mau mea. Hoʻokani ʻia ke mele me ke ʻano he nui o nā mea kani a me nā ʻenehana leo mai ke mele ʻana a i ka hoʻokani ʻana; aia wale nō nā mea hana, nā ʻāpana leo a me nā ʻāpana wale nō e hoʻohui i nā mele a me nā mea kani. Loaʻa ka huaʻōlelo mai ka Helene μουσική .
ʻŌnaehana Auditory: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lohe nā ʻōnaehana lohe no ke ʻano o ka lohe. Hoʻopili pū ia i nā ʻona sensory a me nā ʻāpana lohe o ka ʻōnaehana sensory.
Nā Neuroprosthetics: ʻO Neuroprosthetics kahi aʻo e pili ana i ka neuroscience a me ka hana ʻenehana biomedical e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā neural prostheses. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i kekahi manawa me kahi lolo – kamepiula kamepiula, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka lolo i kahi kamepiula ma mua o kahi mea e pono ai e pani i nā hana olaola i nalo.
Nā Neuroprosthetics: ʻO Neuroprosthetics kahi aʻo e pili ana i ka neuroscience a me ka hana ʻenehana biomedical e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā neural prostheses. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i kekahi manawa me kahi lolo – kamepiula kamepiula, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka lolo i kahi kamepiula ma mua o kahi mea e pono ai e pani i nā hana olaola i nalo.
Hoʻokomo ka ʻōnaehana lolo auditory: ʻO kahi implant brainstem implant ( ABI ) kahi mea uila i hoʻokomo ʻia me kahi mea uila e hāʻawi i kahi ʻano o ke kani i kahi kanaka kuli hohonu, ma muli o ka hōʻino o ka lohe retrocochlear. Ma ʻEulopa, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ABI i nā keiki a me nā mākua, a i nā mea maʻi me ka neurofibromatosis ʻano II.
Pane ʻōnaehana auditory: ʻO ka pane ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe lohe pepeiao ( ABR ) kahi auditory i hoʻāla ʻia i hiki ke unuhi ʻia mai ka hana uila e hoʻomau nei i ka lolo a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma o nā electrodes i kau ʻia ma ka ʻili. ʻO ke ana ʻana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he moʻo o ʻeono a ʻehiku vertex mau nalu maikaʻi a I ma o V e loiloi ʻia ai. ʻO kēia mau nalu, i lepili ʻia me nā helu Roma ma Jewett a me ka hui ʻo Williston , i loko o nā 10 mau milliseconds mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi mea hoʻolohe. Manaʻo ʻia ka ABR he pane exogenous no ka mea pili ia i nā kumu kūwaho.
ʻO Tympanic ʻāpana o ka iwi maha: ʻO ka iwi tympanic o ka iwi maha kahi pelena o ka iwi e moe ana ma lalo o ka squamous o ka iwi maha, i mua o ka hana mastoid, a puni ka ʻaoʻao waho o ka auwai pepeiao.
ʻO Tympanic ʻāpana o ka iwi maha: ʻO ka iwi tympanic o ka iwi maha kahi pelena o ka iwi e moe ana ma lalo o ka squamous o ka iwi maha, i mua o ka hana mastoid, a puni ka ʻaoʻao waho o ka auwai pepeiao.
Crypsis: I ke kaiaolaola, hiki i ka crypsis ka holoholona a i ʻole mea kanu ke hōʻalo i ka nānā a ʻike ʻia ʻana e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ia paha kahi hoʻolālā predation a i ʻole kahi adaptation antipredator. ʻO nā ʻano hana e laʻa me nā camouflage, nocturnality, sub lifestyle, a me mimicry. Hiki i ka Crypsis ke hoʻopili i ka hiʻona, olfactory, a i ʻole ka hūnā auditory. Ke ʻike ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ka manawa cryptic coloration , hoʻohana pono ʻia i ka synouo no nā camouflage holoholona, ​​akā he nui nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ka camouflage e nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu.
Kanal pepeiao: ʻO ke ala o ka pepeiao kahi ala e holo ana mai ka pepeiao waho i ka pepeiao waena. Hoʻonui ʻia ke kahawai pepeiao kanaka makua mai ka pinna a i ka pepeiao a ma kahi o 2.5 centimetres (1 in) ka lōʻihi a me 0.7 centimetres (0.3 in) i ke anawaena.
Kahului auditory: ʻO ka pahu hoʻolohe manaʻo ka ʻāpana o ka lobe kūlohelohe e hana ana i ka ʻike lohe i nā kānaka a me nā vertebrates ʻē aʻe. He ʻāpana ia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe, e hana ana i nā hana maʻamau a me nā kiʻekiʻena i ka hoʻolohe ʻana, e like me nā pili kūpono i ka hoʻololi ʻōlelo. Aia ia ma ke ʻano bilaterally, ma nā ʻaoʻao luna o nā lobes kūlohelohe - i nā kānaka, e iho ana i lalo a ma luna o ka medial, ma luna o ka mokulele temporal kiʻekiʻe, ma loko o ka sulcus lateral a me nā ʻāpana o ka gyri temporal transversal, a me nā gyrus temporal kiʻekiʻe loa. , me ka planum polare a me ka planum temporale.
Crypsis: I ke kaiaolaola, hiki i ka crypsis ka holoholona a i ʻole mea kanu ke hōʻalo i ka nānā a ʻike ʻia ʻana e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ia paha kahi hoʻolālā predation a i ʻole kahi adaptation antipredator. ʻO nā ʻano hana e laʻa me nā camouflage, nocturnality, sub lifestyle, a me mimicry. Hiki i ka Crypsis ke hoʻopili i ka hiʻona, olfactory, a i ʻole ka hūnā auditory. Ke ʻike ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ka manawa cryptic coloration , hoʻohana pono ʻia i ka synouo no nā camouflage holoholona, ​​akā he nui nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ka camouflage e nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu.
ʻIʻike Sensory: ʻO kahi cory sensory kahi helu a i ʻole hōʻailona paha i hiki ke unuhi ʻia mai ka manaʻo sensory e kahi mea ʻike, e hōʻike ana i ka mokuʻāina o kekahi waiwai o ka honua i makemake ka mea ʻike e ʻike.
Hōʻike auditory: ʻO ka hōʻike Auditory ka hoʻohana o ke kani e kamaʻilio i ka ʻike mai kahi kamepiula i ka mea hoʻohana. ʻO ke kolamu mua no ka ʻimi ʻana i kēia mau ʻenehana ka International Community for Auditory Display (ICAD), i hoʻokumu ʻia e Gregory Kramer ma 1992 ma ke ʻano he wahi kūkā no ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kula.
Ka hana ʻōlelo ma ka lolo: ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kānaka i nā huaʻōlelo e kamaʻilio ai i nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo, a pehea e hana ai a hoʻomaopopo ʻia ai ia ʻano kamaʻilio. Manaʻo ʻia ka hana ʻōlelo ʻana he mana kū hoʻokahi ia i hana ʻole ʻia me ka ʻike grammatical like a me ka ʻōnaehana i loko o nā ʻohana pili pili loa o kānaka.
ʻO Dysacusis: ʻO Dysacusis kahi maʻi hoʻolohe pepeiao i hōʻike ʻia e ka paʻakikī i ka hana ʻana i nā kikoʻī o ke kani ma muli o ka distortion i ke alapine a i ʻole ka ikaika ma mua o ka lilo o ka hiki ke ʻike i ke kani. Hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo i kekahi manawa e wehewehe i ka ʻeha a hōʻoluʻolu ʻole paha ma muli o ke kani, kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo dysaesthesia auditory .
Hanana Auditory: Hōʻike nā hanana Auditory i ka ʻike kumuhana, ke hoʻolohe nei i kahi ʻano kani. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo e Jens Blauert ma 1966, i mea e maopopo maopopo ai ma waena o ke kahua kani kino a me ka ʻike auditory o ke kani.
Māla i hāpai ʻia: ʻO nā māla evoking kahi ʻāpana o ka magnetoencephalogram. ʻO lākou nā hōʻailona lolo i hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e ka stimulate sensory, akā kanu mau ʻia e ka hana lolo mau. Ke hana hou nei i ka stimulus i nā manawa he nui a me ka averaging o nā hōʻailona hōʻemi i ka hana hoʻomau mau ʻole a hōʻike i ka māla i hoʻāla ʻia. ʻO nā māla i hoʻāla ʻia ka magnetoencephalographic like i nā hiki i hoʻāla ʻia, kahi ʻāpana o ka electroencephalogram.
Hōʻike kūpono: ʻO kahi kūpono i hōʻeuʻeu ʻia a i hōʻeuʻeu paha i kahi pane uila kahi mana uila i kahi ʻano kikoʻī i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai kahi ʻāpana kikoʻī o ka ʻōnaehana makaʻu, ʻo ia hoʻi ka lolo, o kahi kanaka a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi stimulus e like me ke kukui uila a i ʻole kahi leo maʻemaʻe. Loaʻa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā hiki mai nā stimulus o nā ʻano hana a me nā ʻano like ʻole. He ʻokoʻa ka PE mai nā mana hikiwawe e like me ka ʻike ʻia e electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), a i ʻole kekahi ʻano hana hoʻopaʻa uila electrophysiologic. He kūpono ia mau pono no ka electrodiagnosis a me ka nānā ʻana e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hana ʻole o ka sensory e pili ana i ka lāʻau.
Hoʻokaʻawale Auditory: ʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā Auditory kahi ʻano nalowale manawa o ka hoʻolohe ʻana ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. E like me ia e pili ana i ka ʻike tunnel a me "ka lohi o ka manawa i ka noʻonoʻo". Kūkākūkā ʻia kēia hanana ma nā puke e pili ana i nā luna hoʻokō kānāwai a me nā koa.
Ka pepeiao o Surfer: ʻO ka pepeiao o Surfer ka inoa maʻamau no ka exostosis a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o ka iwi iwi ma waena o ka aʻa pepeiao. ʻAʻole like ka pepeiao o Surfer me ka pepeiao o ka ʻauʻau, ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi ke hopena ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao.
Ka luhi Auditory: Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka luhi Auditory ma ke ʻano he nalowale manawa o ka hoʻolohe ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ke kani. ʻO kēia ka hopena i kahi neʻe kuikawa ʻana o ka paepae auditory i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he hoʻololi paepae manawa (TTS). Hiki ke lilo i ka pōʻino ke kū ʻole inā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka manawa kūpono ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kani kani. Ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka nalowale o ka lohe mai kahi hanana traumatic, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia me ka nalowale hoʻolohe leo i hoʻokomo ʻia, a i ʻole NIHL.
Nā manaʻo auditory: He manaʻo kōkua ka Auditory feedback ( AF ) i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kānaka e kaohi i ka hana ʻana i ka haʻiʻōlelo a me ke mele ʻana me ke kōkua ʻana i ka mea e hōʻoia inā paha e like me ka hana a ke mele a me ke mele e kū nei me kāna manaʻo acoustic-auditory. Hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ma o ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka loop audit feedback, kahi pōʻai ʻekolu hapa e ʻae ai i nā poʻe e ʻōlelo mua, a laila hoʻolohe i kā lākou i ʻōlelo ai, a ʻo ka mea hope loa, hoʻoponopono iā ia inā pono. Mai ka manaʻo o ka ʻepekema neʻe a me nā neurosciences, hiki ke unuhi ʻia ka hōʻailona haʻi leo-acoustic ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka neʻe ʻana o nā articulator haʻiʻōlelo. No laila e hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā manaʻo auditory ma ke ʻano he ʻano hōʻike manaʻo e kāohi ana i nā hana mākaukau e like me ka mālama ʻana o ka manaʻo ʻike i nā neʻe o ka lālā.
Pākuʻi koʻikoʻi: I ka audiology a me psychoacoustics ka manaʻo o nā pēke koʻikoʻi , i hoʻolauna ʻia e Harvey Fletcher i 1933 a i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka makahiki 1940, e wehewehe ana i ka bandwith frequency of the "auditory filter" i haku ʻia e ka cochlea, ke ʻano o ka lohe ma loko o ka pepeiao o loko. ʻO ka mea maʻalahi, ʻo ka band koʻikoʻi ka band o nā alapine leo i loko o kahi e hoʻopili ai ka leo ʻelua me ka ʻike o ke kani mua e ka masking auditory.
Hoʻohanohano Auditory: ʻO kahi hallucination auditory , a i ʻole paracusia , kahi ʻano o ka hallucination e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā leo me ka ʻole o ka stimulus auditory.
Hoʻohanohano Auditory: ʻO kahi hallucination auditory , a i ʻole paracusia , kahi ʻano o ka hallucination e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā leo me ka ʻole o ka stimulus auditory.
Earcon: ʻO ke kani pepeiao he leo pōkole, ʻokoʻa e hōʻike ana i kahi hanana kikoʻī a i ʻole e lawe i kahi ʻike ʻē aʻe. ʻO Earcons kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā ʻōnaehana kamepiula a me nā noi, e kū ana mai kahi beep maʻalahi e hōʻike i kahi hemahema, i nā hoʻolālā kani maʻamau o nā ʻōnaehana o kēia manawa e hōʻike nei i ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ka hoʻopau ʻana, a me nā hanana ʻē aʻe.
Kuhihewa Auditory: Kuhihewa nā kuhi Auditory i nā manaʻo wahaheʻe o kahi kani maoli a i ʻole stimulus o waho. ʻO kēia mau ʻike wahaheʻe ka like o ke kuhihewa opua: lohe ka mea hoʻolohe i nā leo i loaʻa ʻole i ka stimulus, a i ʻole nā ​​kani e pono ʻole ke hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana.
Kuhihewa Auditory: Kuhihewa nā kuhi Auditory i nā manaʻo wahaheʻe o kahi kani maoli a i ʻole stimulus o waho. ʻO kēia mau ʻike wahaheʻe ka like o ke kuhihewa opua: lohe ka mea hoʻolohe i nā leo i loaʻa ʻole i ka stimulus, a i ʻole nā ​​kani e pono ʻole ke hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana.
Kiʻi auditory: ʻO ke kiʻi auditory kahi ʻano o nā kiʻi noʻonoʻo i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻonohonoho a kālailai i nā kani ke ʻole kahi stimulus auditory waho i kēia manawa. Ua wāwahi ʻia kēia ʻano kiʻi i loko o kekahi mau ʻano auditory e like me nā kiʻi waha a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi mele. ʻOkoʻa kēia modality o nā kiʻi noʻonoʻo mai nā kiʻi sensory e like me ke kiʻi kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi kiʻi. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka vividness a me nā kikoʻī o nā kiʻi auditory mai kēlā me kēia kanaka e pili ana i ko lākou kūlana a me ke ʻano o ko lākou lolo. Ma o nā noiʻi āpau i hoʻomohala ʻia e hoʻomaopopo i nā loiloi kiʻi loiloi neuroscientists behavioral i loaʻa i nā kiʻi auditory i hoʻomohala ʻia i loko o ka noʻonoʻo o nā kumuhana i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka manawa maoli a me nā ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i nā ʻano auditory hiki ke helu ʻia a me nā pilina melodic a me ka harmonic. Ua hiki i kēia mau noiʻi ke loaʻa i kēia manawa ka hōʻoia a me ka ʻike ma muli o ka hōʻea ʻana o Positron emission tomography a me nā scans fMRI e hiki ai ke hōʻoia i kahi pilikino a me ka noʻonoʻo.
Lohe lohe ʻana: ʻO ka nalowale hoʻolohe ʻana he hapa a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke hoʻolohe. Aia paha ka lohe pepeiao ma ka hānau ʻana a i loaʻa paha i kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope. Lohe paha ka lohe pepeiao ma hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau pepeiao. I nā keiki, hiki i nā pilikia o ka hoʻolohe ʻana ke hoʻololi i ka hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia, a i ka poʻe mākua hiki ke hana i nā pilikia me ka launa pū a me ka hana. Hiki ke lohi a lohi hoʻi ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe. Lohe ka lohe ʻana e pili ana i ka makahiki i nā pepeiao ʻelua a pili i ka nalo ʻana o ka cell cochlear lauoho. I kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe ʻelemākule, hiki i ka hoʻolohe ʻana i ka nalowale ke hopena i kahi mehameha. ʻAʻohe lohe iki ka poʻe kuli.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻohui auditory: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻohui Auditory (AIT), kahi hana i paionia ʻia ma Palani e Guy Bérard, nāna i hoʻolahalaha iā ia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau no ke kaumaha maʻi maʻi a me nā ʻano suicidal, a me nā mea āna i ʻōlelo ai he hopena maikaʻi loa no ka dislexia a me ka autism, ʻoiai he mea liʻiliʻi loa. nā hōʻike empirical e pili ana i kēia ʻōlelo. Pili pinepine ia i nā kau ma ka hapalua hola ma mua o 10 mau lā e hoʻolohe ana i nā mele i kānana ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā makahiki 1990 mua ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no ka autism; ua hoʻolaha ʻia ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no ADHD, kaumaha, a me nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻo AIT i nā kūlana ʻepekema no ka pono e hōʻoia i kāna hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no kekahi ʻano.
Ke aʻo ʻana i auditory: ʻO ke aʻo Auditory kahi ʻano aʻo e aʻo ai ke kanaka ma o ka hoʻolohe ʻana. Pili ka mea hoʻopaʻa leo i ka hoʻolohe a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma ke ʻano he ala nui o ke aʻo ʻana. Pono e hiki i nā haumāna Auditory ke lohe i nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo a loaʻa paha iā lākou ka paʻakikī me nā ʻōkuhi i huki ʻia akā inā ʻo ke kākau ʻana i kahi kaʻina kūpono hiki ke maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo. Hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou hoʻolohe ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana i nā mākau e hoʻokaʻawale ma o ka ʻike i hoʻouna ʻia iā lākou. He poʻe hoʻolohe maikaʻi lākou ke kamaʻilio ka poʻe.
Ke aʻo ʻana i auditory: ʻO ke aʻo Auditory kahi ʻano aʻo e aʻo ai ke kanaka ma o ka hoʻolohe ʻana. Pili ka mea hoʻopaʻa leo i ka hoʻolohe a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma ke ʻano he ala nui o ke aʻo ʻana. Pono e hiki i nā haumāna Auditory ke lohe i nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo a loaʻa paha iā lākou ka paʻakikī me nā ʻōkuhi i huki ʻia akā inā ʻo ke kākau ʻana i kahi kaʻina kūpono hiki ke maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo. Hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou hoʻolohe ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana i nā mākau e hoʻokaʻawale ma o ka ʻike i hoʻouna ʻia iā lākou. He poʻe hoʻolohe maikaʻi lākou ke kamaʻilio ka poʻe.
Kahi localization: ʻO ka localization kani kahi hiki i kahi mea hoʻolohe ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi a i ʻole ke kumu o kahi kani i ʻike ʻia ma ke kuhikuhi a me ka mamao.
Masking auditor: Hana ʻia kahi masking auditory ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻike i hoʻokahi kani e ke alo o kahi kani ʻē aʻe.
Meatus auditory: Hiki i ka meatus auditory ke kuhikuhi iā: meatus auditory kūwaho meatus auditory kūloko
Meatus auditory: Hiki i ka meatus auditory ke kuhikuhi iā: meatus auditory kūwaho meatus auditory kūloko
Memo hoʻomanaʻo: ʻO ka hoʻomanaʻo Echoic ka hoʻomanaʻo sensory e hoʻopaʻa inoa kikoʻī i ka ʻike auditory (kani). Ke lohe ʻia kahi stimulus auditory, mālama ʻia ia i ka hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono a hoʻomaopopo ʻia. ʻAʻole like me ka hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo, kahi e hiki ai i ko mākou mau maka ke scan i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i nā manawa he nui, ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻolohe. Ma muli o ka lohe ʻia ʻana o nā hoʻomanaʻo echoic i hoʻokahi manawa, mālama ʻia lākou no kekahi mau manawa lōʻihi aʻe ma mua o nā hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo. Loaʻa nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka pepeiao i kēlā me kēia manawa ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono a hoʻomaopopo ʻia. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻokoʻa loa ka lohe ʻana i ka lekiō mai ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi makasina. Hiki i ke kanaka ke lohe i ka lekiō i hoʻokahi manawa i ka manawa i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻoiai e heluhelu pinepine ʻia ka makasina. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ua like ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka leo me he manaʻo "paʻa pahu" lā, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hana ʻia kahi kani a lohe ʻia ke kani aʻe, a laila wale nō e lilo ai i mea nui. Hiki i kēia hale kūʻai ʻike kikoʻī ke mālama i ka nui o ka ʻike lohe i mālama ʻia no kahi manawa pōkole. Hoʻopili kēia kani leo i ka noʻonoʻo a hōʻike hou ʻia no kēia manawa pōkole o ka manawa ma hope koke o ka lohe ʻia ʻana. Hoʻomanaʻo nā hoʻomanaʻo Echoic i nā hiʻohiʻona primitive wale nō o nā mea hoʻonāukiuki, e like me ka pitch, e hōʻike ana i ka localization i nā wahi lolo ʻole.
ʻO ka puka aniani e neʻe nei: ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka puka aniani kahi paradigm psycholinguistic i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke Kulanui Mokuʻāina ʻo Michigan e Fernanda Ferreira a me nā hoapili. Ua kūkulu ʻo Ferreira a me nā hoapili i ka hoʻohālikelike i mea e kamaʻilio ai i ka lahilahi o ka ʻike maʻalahi i ka ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi me ka ikaika o kēlā no ka hoʻoponopono huaʻōlelo. Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka puka aniani e nānā pono ai i ka ukana hana o kahi huaʻōlelo: ke nānā ʻia kēia ukana hana e ka analogue o ka manawa pane ma loko o ka paralela. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā manawa pane i loko o ka paradigm i ka pinepine a me nā hopena ala māla.
ʻAlalā Cochlear: ʻO ke aʻalolo cochlear kekahi o nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ke aʻalolo vestibulocochlear, kahi aʻa cranial i loaʻa i nā amniotes, ʻo kahi ʻāpana ʻo ke aʻa vestibular. Lawe ke aʻalolo cochlear i ka ʻike lohe mai ka cochlea o ka pepeiao o loko i pololei i ka lolo. ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke aʻalolo vestibulocochlear ʻo ia ke aʻalolo vestibular, kahi e lawe ai i ka ʻike orientation spatial i ka lolo mai nā canal semicircular, i ʻike ʻia ʻo duct semicircular.
Neuropathy auditory: ʻO ka neuropathy auditory ( AN ) kahi maʻi lohe ma kahi o nā hunaola o waho o ka cochlea e noho nei a hana, akā ʻaʻole i lawa ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka ʻike maikaʻi e ke aʻalolo lohe i ka lolo. ʻO ka nalo o ka lohe ʻana me AN ​​hiki ke ʻano mai ka lohe ʻana i ka lohe a hiki i ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi neuropathy auditory: ʻO kahi maʻi neuropathy spectrum maʻi ( ANSD ) kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka nalo hoʻolohe ʻana i wehewehe ʻia e ke kū ʻana o nā mea i hōʻili ʻia ʻo otoacoustic (OAE) maʻamau akā ʻaʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o nā reflexes pepeiao waena waena a me nā pane ʻōnaehana audory auditory (ABRs).
ʻEpekema auditor: ʻO ka ʻepekema auditor a i ʻole ka ʻepekema lohe he kahua ia o ka noiʻi a me ka aʻo e pili ana i ka ʻike o nā kani e nā kānaka, nā holoholona, ​​a me nā mīkini paha. He māla interdisciplinary nui ia ma ke alahaka ma waena o acoustics, neuroscience, a me psychology. Pili pinepine ia i hoʻokahi a i ʻole o nā ʻano o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe: psychophysics, psychoacoustics, audiology, physiology, otorhinolaryngology, ʻepekema haʻiʻōlelo, ʻike haʻi ʻōlelo kūʻokoʻa, psychology mele, linguistics, a me psycholinguistics.
Nā Ossicles: ʻO nā ossicle he mau iwi ʻekolu ma nā pepeiao waena waena i waena o nā iwi liʻiliʻi loa i ke kino o ke kanaka. Lawe lākou i nā leo mai ka lewa i ka labyrinth i piha i ka wai (cochlea). ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ossicle auditory e lilo i ka nalowale hoʻolohe ʻana i ka waena. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "ossicle" ʻo ia hoʻi "iwi liʻiliʻi". ʻOiai paha e kuhikuhi ka huaʻōlelo i kekahi iwi liʻiliʻi ma loko o ke kino, pili mau ia i ka malleus, incus, a me nā stapes o ka pepeiao waena.
Nā Ossicles: ʻO nā ossicle he mau iwi ʻekolu ma nā pepeiao waena waena i waena o nā iwi liʻiliʻi loa i ke kino o ke kanaka. Lawe lākou i nā leo mai ka lewa i ka labyrinth i piha i ka wai (cochlea). ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ossicle auditory e lilo i ka nalowale hoʻolohe ʻana i ka waena. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "ossicle" ʻo ia hoʻi "iwi liʻiliʻi". ʻOiai paha e kuhikuhi ka huaʻōlelo i kekahi iwi liʻiliʻi ma loko o ke kino, pili mau ia i ka malleus, incus, a me nā stapes o ka pepeiao waena.
Nā Ossicles: ʻO nā ossicle he mau iwi ʻekolu ma nā pepeiao waena waena i waena o nā iwi liʻiliʻi loa i ke kino o ke kanaka. Lawe lākou i nā leo mai ka lewa i ka labyrinth i piha i ka wai (cochlea). ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ossicle auditory e lilo i ka nalowale hoʻolohe ʻana i ka waena. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "ossicle" ʻo ia hoʻi "iwi liʻiliʻi". ʻOiai paha e kuhikuhi ka huaʻōlelo i kekahi iwi liʻiliʻi ma loko o ke kino, pili mau ia i ka malleus, incus, a me nā stapes o ka pepeiao waena.
Pareidolia: ʻO Pareidolia ka mea no ka ʻike e kau i ka wehewehe ma luna o kahi nebulous stimulus, ka mea maʻa mau i ka ʻike, i ʻike ai kekahi i kahi mea, kumu, a i ʻole ke ʻano inā ʻaʻohe.
ʻŌnaehana Auditory: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lohe nā ʻōnaehana lohe no ke ʻano o ka lohe. Hoʻopili pū ia i nā ʻona sensory a me nā ʻāpana lohe o ka ʻōnaehana sensory.
ʻŌnaehana Auditory: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lohe nā ʻōnaehana lohe no ke ʻano o ka lohe. Hoʻopili pū ia i nā ʻona sensory a me nā ʻāpana lohe o ka ʻōnaehana sensory.
Lohe: ʻO ka lohe ʻana , a i ʻole ka ʻike auditory , ka hiki ke ʻike i nā kani ma o kahi meaola, e like me ka pepeiao, ma ke ʻimi ʻana i nā haʻalulu e like me nā loli ma ke kaomi o kahi mea e hoʻopuni ana. ʻO ke kula aʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻolohe ʻana he ʻepekema lohe.
Maʻi maʻi a me ka Auditory: ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoponopono Auditory ( APD ), ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia ʻo King-Kopetzky Syndrome a i ʻole kīnā kīnā me ka hoʻolohe maʻamau ( ADN ), he manawa hoʻomalu ia no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo i ka lohe pepeiao. ʻO nā mea me APD maʻamau ka hanana maʻamau a me ka hana o ka pepeiao waho, waena, a me loko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike a lākou e lohe ai ma ke ʻano like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i nā leo, keu hoʻi nā leo haku mele. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia mau pilikia e ala aʻe mai ka hana ʻole ma ka ʻōnaehana waena.
Maʻi maʻi a me ka Auditory: ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoponopono Auditory ( APD ), ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia ʻo King-Kopetzky Syndrome a i ʻole kīnā kīnā me ka hoʻolohe maʻamau ( ADN ), he manawa hoʻomalu ia no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo i ka lohe pepeiao. ʻO nā mea me APD maʻamau ka hanana maʻamau a me ka hana o ka pepeiao waho, waena, a me loko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike a lākou e lohe ai ma ke ʻano like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i nā leo, keu hoʻi nā leo haku mele. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia mau pilikia e ala aʻe mai ka hana ʻole ma ka ʻōnaehana waena.
Nā phonetics auditory: ʻO ka phonetics auditory ka lālā o nā phonetics e pili ana i ka hoʻolohe ʻana i nā leo o ka haʻiʻōlelo a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻōlelo. Kuhi ʻia ia i ke aʻo ʻana i nā pilina ma waena o nā ʻōlelo hoʻonāukiuki a me nā pane a ka mea hoʻolohe i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki e like me nā ʻano o nā ʻōnaehana auditory peripheral a me nā kikowaena, me nā wahi o ka lolo. ʻLelo ʻia e haku i kekahi o nā lālā nui ʻekolu o nā phonetics me nā phonetics acoustic a me articulatory, ʻoiai me nā ʻano hana a me nā nīnau.
ʻO ka lua Otic: ʻO ka lua auditory , i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka lua otic , ʻo ia ka mua o ka pepeiao kūloko. ʻIke ʻia ma hope koke iho o ka maka, i ke ʻano o ka pā o ka ectoderm mānoanoa, ka papa hoʻolohe, ma luna o ka māhele o ka lolo hope. Lilo ke pāhoho pepe i mea kaumaha a hoʻololi ʻia i loko o ka lua lohe.
Otic wahi: I ka embryology, kahi mānoanoa o ka otic placode kahi mānoanoa o ka ectoderm ma waho o kahi embryo ulu e ulu ai ka pepeiao. ʻO ka pepeiao, me nā ʻōnaehana vestibular ʻelua a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe, e hoʻomohala mai kahi placic otic e hoʻomaka ana i ka pule ʻekolu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. I loko o ka pule ʻehā, hoʻokomo ka otic placode i loko o ka mesenchyme e pili ana i ka rhombencephalon e hana i ka lua otic, a laila kaomi ʻia mai ka ectoderm o luna e hana i ka vesic otic.
Otic wahi: I ka embryology, kahi mānoanoa o ka otic placode kahi mānoanoa o ka ectoderm ma waho o kahi embryo ulu e ulu ai ka pepeiao. ʻO ka pepeiao, me nā ʻōnaehana vestibular ʻelua a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe, e hoʻomohala mai kahi placic otic e hoʻomaka ana i ka pule ʻekolu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. I loko o ka pule ʻehā, hoʻokomo ka otic placode i loko o ka mesenchyme e pili ana i ka rhombencephalon e hana i ka lua otic, a laila kaomi ʻia mai ka ectoderm o luna e hana i ka vesic otic.
Kahului auditory: ʻO ka pahu hoʻolohe manaʻo ka ʻāpana o ka lobe kūlohelohe e hana ana i ka ʻike lohe i nā kānaka a me nā vertebrates ʻē aʻe. He ʻāpana ia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe, e hana ana i nā hana maʻamau a me nā kiʻekiʻena i ka hoʻolohe ʻana, e like me nā pili kūpono i ka hoʻololi ʻōlelo. Aia ia ma ke ʻano bilaterally, ma nā ʻaoʻao luna o nā lobes kūlohelohe - i nā kānaka, e iho ana i lalo a ma luna o ka medial, ma luna o ka mokulele temporal kiʻekiʻe, ma loko o ka sulcus lateral a me nā ʻāpana o ka gyri temporal transversal, a me nā gyrus temporal kiʻekiʻe loa. , me ka planum polare a me ka planum temporale.
Maʻi maʻi a me ka Auditory: ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoponopono Auditory ( APD ), ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia ʻo King-Kopetzky Syndrome a i ʻole kīnā kīnā me ka hoʻolohe maʻamau ( ADN ), he manawa hoʻomalu ia no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo i ka lohe pepeiao. ʻO nā mea me APD maʻamau ka hanana maʻamau a me ka hana o ka pepeiao waho, waena, a me loko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike a lākou e lohe ai ma ke ʻano like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i nā leo, keu hoʻi nā leo haku mele. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia mau pilikia e ala aʻe mai ka hana ʻole ma ka ʻōnaehana waena.
Maʻi maʻi a me ka Auditory: ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoponopono Auditory ( APD ), ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia ʻo King-Kopetzky Syndrome a i ʻole kīnā kīnā me ka hoʻolohe maʻamau ( ADN ), he manawa hoʻomalu ia no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo i ka lohe pepeiao. ʻO nā mea me APD maʻamau ka hanana maʻamau a me ka hana o ka pepeiao waho, waena, a me loko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike a lākou e lohe ai ma ke ʻano like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i nā leo, keu hoʻi nā leo haku mele. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia mau pilikia e ala aʻe mai ka hana ʻole ma ka ʻōnaehana waena.
Maʻi maʻi a me ka Auditory: ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoponopono Auditory ( APD ), ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia ʻo King-Kopetzky Syndrome a i ʻole kīnā kīnā me ka hoʻolohe maʻamau ( ADN ), he manawa hoʻomalu ia no nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo i ka lohe pepeiao. ʻO nā mea me APD maʻamau ka hanana maʻamau a me ka hana o ka pepeiao waho, waena, a me loko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike a lākou e lohe ai ma ke ʻano like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i nā leo, keu hoʻi nā leo haku mele. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia mau pilikia e ala aʻe mai ka hana ʻole ma ka ʻōnaehana waena.
Pāhawewe'ākea: ʻO nā lekiō acoustic a i ʻole nā kukuna lohe e ʻike ʻia i ka lolo, i ke ala cochlear ventral, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe. ʻO ka radiation acoustic e ala aʻe ana i loko o ka medial geniculate nucleus a hoʻopau i ka helu nui mua.
Pāhawewe'ākea: ʻO nā lekiō acoustic a i ʻole nā kukuna lohe e ʻike ʻia i ka lolo, i ke ala cochlear ventral, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe. ʻO ka radiation acoustic e ala aʻe ana i loko o ka medial geniculate nucleus a hoʻopau i ka helu nui mua.
Kani: I ke kālaikūlohea, he kani ka haʻalulu e hoʻolaha ma ke ʻano he nalu acoustic, ma o ka mea lawe e like me ke kinoea, wai a paʻa paha.
Reflex acoustic: ʻO ka reflex acoustic kahi contraction muscle musele i hana ʻia ma ka pepeiao waena i ka pane ʻana i nā mea kani kani nui a i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke kani o ke kanaka.
Ka nānā ʻana i kahi hanana auditory: I ka ʻike a me nā psychophysics, he hōʻike hoʻohālikelike ke ʻano o ka auditory ( ASA ) no ke kumu o ka ʻike auditory. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he kaʻina kahi e hoʻonohonoho ai ka ʻōnaehana lohe kanaka i ke kani i loko o nā mea i ʻike ʻia. Ua haku ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo e ka psychologist ʻo Albert Bregman. ʻO ka manaʻo pili i ka ʻike ʻana i ka mīkini ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka hōʻike auditory computational (CASA), kahi e pili pono ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale kumu a me ka hoʻokaʻawale hōʻailona hōʻailona.
ʻEpekema auditor: ʻO ka ʻepekema auditor a i ʻole ka ʻepekema lohe he kahua ia o ka noiʻi a me ka aʻo e pili ana i ka ʻike o nā kani e nā kānaka, nā holoholona, ​​a me nā mīkini paha. He māla interdisciplinary nui ia ma ke alahaka ma waena o acoustics, neuroscience, a me psychology. Pili pinepine ia i hoʻokahi a i ʻole o nā ʻano o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe: psychophysics, psychoacoustics, audiology, physiology, otorhinolaryngology, ʻepekema haʻiʻōlelo, ʻike haʻi ʻōlelo kūʻokoʻa, psychology mele, linguistics, a me psycholinguistics.
Lohe: ʻO ka lohe ʻana , a i ʻole ka ʻike auditory , ka hiki ke ʻike i nā kani ma o kahi meaola, e like me ka pepeiao, ma ke ʻimi ʻana i nā haʻalulu e like me nā loli ma ke kaomi o kahi mea e hoʻopuni ana. ʻO ke kula aʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻolohe ʻana he ʻepekema lohe.
Memo hoʻomanaʻo: ʻO ka hoʻomanaʻo Echoic ka hoʻomanaʻo sensory e hoʻopaʻa inoa kikoʻī i ka ʻike auditory (kani). Ke lohe ʻia kahi stimulus auditory, mālama ʻia ia i ka hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono a hoʻomaopopo ʻia. ʻAʻole like me ka hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo, kahi e hiki ai i ko mākou mau maka ke scan i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i nā manawa he nui, ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻolohe. Ma muli o ka lohe ʻia ʻana o nā hoʻomanaʻo echoic i hoʻokahi manawa, mālama ʻia lākou no kekahi mau manawa lōʻihi aʻe ma mua o nā hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo. Loaʻa nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka pepeiao i kēlā me kēia manawa ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono a hoʻomaopopo ʻia. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻokoʻa loa ka lohe ʻana i ka lekiō mai ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi makasina. Hiki i ke kanaka ke lohe i ka lekiō i hoʻokahi manawa i ka manawa i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻoiai e heluhelu pinepine ʻia ka makasina. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ua like ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka leo me he manaʻo "paʻa pahu" lā, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hana ʻia kahi kani a lohe ʻia ke kani aʻe, a laila wale nō e lilo ai i mea nui. Hiki i kēia hale kūʻai ʻike kikoʻī ke mālama i ka nui o ka ʻike lohe i mālama ʻia no kahi manawa pōkole. Hoʻopili kēia kani leo i ka noʻonoʻo a hōʻike hou ʻia no kēia manawa pōkole o ka manawa ma hope koke o ka lohe ʻia ʻana. Hoʻomanaʻo nā hoʻomanaʻo Echoic i nā hiʻohiʻona primitive wale nō o nā mea hoʻonāukiuki, e like me ka pitch, e hōʻike ana i ka localization i nā wahi lolo ʻole.
Pākuʻi poʻo maʻi: ʻO ka exploding head Syndrome ( EHS ) kahi ʻike ʻike ʻole i ka wā hiamoe kahi e ʻike ai ke kanaka i nā leo kū ʻole i kani a me ka lōʻihi o ka manawa ke hiamoe a ala paha. Makaʻu paha ka walaʻau, hana pinepine ʻia i kekahi manawa wale nō, a ʻaʻole ia he hopohopo olakino koʻikoʻi. E ʻike paha ka poʻe i ka uila. ʻAʻohe o ka ʻeha. ʻOiai ka inoa, ʻaʻole pahū ke poʻo o ka mea ʻeha.
Nānā ākea Auditory: ʻO ka nānā ākea Auditory kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka nānā, e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike auditory i kahi i ka lewa.
Mele mokulele: Hoʻokū ʻia ke mele Spatial i mele e hoʻohana pono ai i kahi localization kani. ʻOiai i kēia manawa i nā mele Komohana mai nā wā Baibala i ke ʻano o ka antiphon, ma ke ʻano he mea kikoʻī i nā ʻenehana mele hou i hoʻokumu ʻia ka manaʻo o nā mele spatial i ka makahiki 1928 ma Kelemania.
Leo Shepard: ʻO kahi leo Shepard , i kapa ʻia ma hope o Roger Shepard, kahi leo e pili ana i kahi superposition o nā nalu sine i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻokena. Ke pāʻani ʻia me ka leo bas o ke kani e neʻe ana i luna a i lalo paha, ua kapa ʻia ia me ka pālākiō Shepard . Hoʻokumu kēia i ka illusion auditory o kahi leo e piʻi mau a iho i lalo i ka pitch, akā ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe a i lalo paha.
Hoʻoikaika (physiology): I ka physiology, kahi stimulus kahi hoʻololi i ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano kino a i ʻole kemika o kahi ʻano o loko a kūwaho hoʻi o kahi meaola. ʻO ka hiki o kahi meaola a meaola paha e ʻike i nā stimuli o waho, i hiki ai ke hana i kahi hopena kūpono, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka noʻonoʻo ( excitability ). Hiki i nā mea loaʻa sensory ke loaʻa ka ʻikepili mai waho o ke kino, e like me nā mea i loaʻa i ka ʻili i loaʻa i ka ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana māmā i ka maka, a mai loko hoʻi o ke kino, a me nā chemoreceptors a me nā mechanoreceptors. Ke ʻike ʻia kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki e kahi receptor sensory, hiki iā ia ke kiʻi i kahi reflex ma o ka transduction stimulus. ʻO ka stimulus kūloko ka mea mua o ka ʻōnaehana homeostatic. Hiki i nā stimulus kūwaho ke hana i nā pane ʻōnaehana ma loko o ke kino, e like me ka pane o ka hakakā a i ʻole ka lele. I mea e ʻike ʻia ai kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe, pono ka pae o kona ikaika ma mua o ka paepae paʻa loa; inā piʻi ka hōʻailona i ka paepae puka, lawe ʻia ka ʻike i ke kikowaena ʻōnaehana (CNS), kahi i hoʻohui ʻia a hoʻoholo ʻia pehea e hana ai. ʻOiai hoʻonāukiuki pinepine nā kino i ka pane o ke kino, ʻo ka CNS ka mea e hoʻoholo hope inā he kumu ka hopena i kahi hopena a ʻaʻole paha.
Alakaʻi leo: ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka leo ka holomua laina o kēlā me kēia laina melodic a me kā lākou launa pū ʻana me kekahi i kekahi e hana i nā lōkahi, e like me nā kumu o ka lōkahi a me ka counterpoint maʻamau.
Alakaʻi leo: ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka leo ka holomua laina o kēlā me kēia laina melodic a me kā lākou launa pū ʻana me kekahi i kekahi e hana i nā lōkahi, e like me nā kumu o ka lōkahi a me ka counterpoint maʻamau.
ʻŌnaehana Auditory: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lohe nā ʻōnaehana lohe no ke ʻano o ka lohe. Hoʻopili pū ia i nā ʻona sensory a me nā ʻāpana lohe o ka ʻōnaehana sensory.
Paepae loa o ka hoʻolohe ʻana: ʻO ka paepae pae o ka hoʻolohe ( ATH ) ka pae kani haʻahaʻa loa o kahi leo maʻemaʻe i hiki i kahi pepeiao kanaka maʻamau me ka lohe maʻamau ke lohe me ka ʻole o kahi kani ʻē aʻe. Pili ka paepae paʻa loa i ke kani e hiki ke lohe ʻia e nā meaola. ʻO ka paepae palena ʻole ʻaʻole ia kahi kiko kikoʻī, a no laila ua papa ʻia e like me kahi kiko e kani ai kahi leo i kahi pākēneka kikoʻī o ka manawa. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻo ka paepae auditory .
Eustachian Tube: I ka anatomy, ʻo ka Eustachian tube , i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka tube auditory a i ʻole pharyngotympanic tube , he pūkaʻina e hoʻopili i ka nasopharynx i ka pepeiao waena, a ʻo ia kekahi ʻāpana. I nā kānaka makua, ʻo ka pahu Eustachian e pili ana iā 35 mm (1.4 i) lōʻihi a me 3 mm (0.12 in) i ke anawaena. Ua kapa ʻia ia ma hope o ke kenekulia ʻumikuma ʻumikūmākahi Italia, ʻo Bartolomeo Eustachi.
Eustachian Tube: I ka anatomy, ʻo ka Eustachian tube , i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka tube auditory a i ʻole pharyngotympanic tube , he pūkaʻina e hoʻopili i ka nasopharynx i ka pepeiao waena, a ʻo ia kekahi ʻāpana. I nā kānaka makua, ʻo ka pahu Eustachian e pili ana iā 35 mm (1.4 i) lōʻihi a me 3 mm (0.12 in) i ke anawaena. Ua kapa ʻia ia ma hope o ke kenekulia ʻumikuma ʻumikūmākahi Italia, ʻo Bartolomeo Eustachi.
Mea hoʻohana leo: Hoʻonohonoho kahi mea hoʻohana leo ( VUI ) i ka launa kanaka kanaka me nā kamepiula e hiki ai, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōlelo e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā kauoha i haʻi ʻia a pane i nā nīnau, a me nā huaʻōlelo maʻamau i kahi ʻōlelo e pāʻani ai i kahi pane. ʻO kahi mea kauoha leo ( VCD ) kahi mea i kāohi ʻia me kahi mea hoʻohana leo.
Ka hana ʻōlelo ma ka lolo: ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kānaka i nā huaʻōlelo e kamaʻilio ai i nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo, a pehea e hana ai a hoʻomaopopo ʻia ai ia ʻano kamaʻilio. Manaʻo ʻia ka hana ʻōlelo ʻana he mana kū hoʻokahi ia i hana ʻole ʻia me ka ʻike grammatical like a me ka ʻōnaehana i loko o nā ʻohana pili pili loa o kānaka.
Agnosia waha waha: Auditory verbal agnosia ( AVA ), i ʻike ʻia he kuli huaʻōlelo ʻole , ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻōlelo. ʻO ka poʻe me kēia maʻi e nalo i ka hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻōlelo, e ʻōlelo hou i nā huaʻōlelo, a kākau mai ke kuhikuhi ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi o nā mea maʻi me AVA i ka hoʻolohe ʻana i ka ʻōlelo i haʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano he walaʻau ʻole, pinepine me he mea lā ke kamaʻilio nei ka mea i kahi ʻōlelo haole. Eia nō naʻe, mālama ʻia ka walaʻau ʻole, ka heluhelu ʻana, a me ke kākau ʻana. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka hiki ke hana i ka ʻike auditory ʻolelo ʻole, me ke mele hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka paʻa ma mua o ka ʻike ʻōlelo i haʻi ʻia. ʻO nā kānaka e hōʻike i ka kuli i ka huaʻōlelo hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i nā leo waha ʻole. ʻO ka hiki ke unuhi i ka ʻōlelo ma o ka heluhelu ʻana i nā lehelehe, nā ʻōkuhi lima, a me nā ʻōuli pōʻaiapili e mālama pū ʻia pū kekahi. I kekahi manawa, ua hele mua kēia agnosia e ka kuli kortical; ʻaʻole naʻe pēlā ka hihia. Ua palapala nā kānaka noiʻi ma ka hapa nui o nā mea maʻi e hōʻike ana i ka agnosia waha o ka waha, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻokae ʻana i nā consonants ma mua o nā leo, akā e like me ka nui o nā maʻi neurological, aia ka loli ma waena o nā mea maʻi.
Hoʻohanohano Auditory: ʻO kahi hallucination auditory , a i ʻole paracusia , kahi ʻano o ka hallucination e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā leo me ka ʻole o ka stimulus auditory.
Otic vesicle: ʻO ka vesic Otic , a i ʻole vesicle auditory , he ʻelua o nā invagination ʻelua ʻeke e like me ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia a pani ʻia ma ka ulu ʻana o ka embryonic. He ʻāpana ia o ka neural ectoderm, kahi e hoʻomohala i ka labyrinth membrane o ka pepeiao o loko. ʻO kēia labyrinth kahi epithelium mau, e hoʻonui ana i ka ʻōnaehana vestibular a me nā mea lohe o ka pepeiao o loko. I nā wā mua o ka embryogenesis, hoʻopili ka otic placode e hana i ke kīʻaha otic. Ma hope, pani ke kīʻaha otic, e hana ana i ka vesic otic. I ka manawa e hoʻokumu ai, e noho ka vesic otic ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka neural tube medial, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao e lilo ai ia i ka mesoderm paraxial. E neʻe nā pūnaewele neural crest i ka rostral a me ka caudal i ka placode.
ʻO ke aʻalolo Vestibulocochlear: ʻO ke aʻalolo vestibulocochlear , i ʻike ʻia ʻo ke aʻalolo cranial ʻewalu, lawe i ke kani a me ke kaulike (kaulike) mai ka pepeiao o loko i ka lolo. Ma o nā olonā olivocochlear, lawe pū ia i ka ʻikepili a me ka ʻike hoʻokele mai ka ʻoihana olivary kiʻekiʻe i ka lolo i ka cochlea.
ʻO ke aʻalolo Vestibulocochlear: ʻO ke aʻalolo vestibulocochlear , i ʻike ʻia ʻo ke aʻalolo cranial ʻewalu, lawe i ke kani a me ke kaulike (kaulike) mai ka pepeiao o loko i ka lolo. Ma o nā olonā olivocochlear, lawe pū ia i ka ʻikepili a me ka ʻike hoʻokele mai ka ʻoihana olivary kiʻekiʻe i ka lolo i ka cochlea.
Synesthesia: ʻO Synesthesia a i ʻole synaesthesia kahi hanana i ʻike ʻia kahi e hoʻoulu ai i kahi ala sensory a i ʻole ke ʻano noʻonoʻo i alakaʻi i nā ʻike pili ʻole i ka lua o ke ala sensory a i ʻole ke ʻike. ʻO ka poʻe e hōʻike nei i ka mōʻaukala ola o ia mau ʻike i ʻike ʻia he synesthetes . Hoʻololi ka ʻike o ka manaʻo sinesthetic mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka. I hoʻokahi ʻano maʻamau o ka synesthesia, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he grapheme – color synesthesia a i ʻole color – graphemic synesthesia, ʻike ʻia nā leka a i ʻole nā ​​helu me he kala ʻeleʻele. I ke kaʻina kaʻina, a i ʻole ka helu helu synesthesia, nā helu, nā mahina o ka makahiki, a i ʻole nā ​​lā o ka pule e hōʻike i nā wahi kikoʻī i ka lewa, a i ʻole hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he palapala ʻāina ʻekolu dimensional. Hiki i nā hui Synesthetic ke hana i loko o nā hui like a me nā helu o nā ʻike a i ʻole nā ​​ala noʻonoʻo.
Luna Hooia Luna Nui o ka Federation: ʻO ka Luna Hooia ʻoi loa o ka Federation ʻo ia ka ʻoihana loiloi kiʻekiʻe loa o Mexico. He ʻenehana ʻenehana o ka Chamb o ka hope, ua hāʻawi ʻia i ka mana e alakaʻi i nā loiloi kūwaho o nā aupuni pekelala, mokuʻāina a kūloko. He lālā ʻo ASF no ka International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions.
Hoʻohou nā hiʻohiʻona i ka Windows Vista: Aia i loko o Windows Vista kahi o nā ʻenehana hou a me nā hiʻohiʻona i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i nā luna pūnaewele a me nā mea hoʻohana mana e hoʻokele maikaʻi i kā lākou ʻōnaehana. Hoʻololi nā loli hou i kahi pani piha o ka hoʻonohonoho Windows a me nā kaʻina hoʻomaka o Windows, nā hana hana hou i kākau hou ʻia, nā mea hana diagnostics a me nā pono hana olakino hou e like me ka polokalamu diagnostic memo memo komo i loko o ke noi, kahi papa hana papahana hou loa. , a me kahi o nā hoʻonohonoho kulekele pūʻulu hou e uhi ana i nā hiʻohiʻona hou i Windows Vista. Palapala ʻōnaehana no nā polokalamu UNIX, i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi kūlike POSIX i hoʻolauna pū ʻia.
Hooia: ʻO ka loiloi he "ninaninau kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻike kālā o kēlā me kēia hui, no ka loaʻa kālā a ʻaʻole paha, no ka nui a me ke ʻano kū kānāwai i ka wā e hoʻokolokolo ʻia ai kēlā ʻano nīnau me ka manaʻo e hōʻike i kahi manaʻo ma luna." Hoʻāʻo pū ka loiloi e mālama pono i nā puke o nā waihona me ka hopohopo e like me ka mea i koi ʻia e ke kānāwai.
Audi alteram ʻaoʻao: ʻO Audi alteram partem kahi huaʻōlelo Latina i manaʻo ʻia "hoʻolohe i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe", a i ʻole "e lohe ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao." ʻO ke kumumanaʻo ia ʻaʻole e hoʻokolokolo ʻia kekahi kanaka me ka hoʻolohe ʻole o ka hoʻolohe ʻana i kahi manawa e loaʻa ai i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao ka manawa kūpono e pane ai i nā hōʻike kūʻē iā lākou.
Auditus o Braga: ʻO Ovidius , ʻo Saint Auditus hoʻi , he haipule Pukikī. Wahi a nā hagiographies o ke kenekulia 16, he kamaʻāina Roma ʻo Ovidius no ka ʻāina Sisilia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Tradition ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i Braga e Pope Clement I, kahi āna i lawelawe ai ma ke ʻano he pīhopa ʻekolu o ke kūlanakauhale ma kahi o 95. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua bapetizo ʻo ia iā Saint Marina a me kona mau kaikuahine ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻia ʻana e ko lākou makuahine.
Aditya (mea hana keaka): ʻO Aditya kahi mea hana kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me kahi mea hana keaka, e hōʻike mua ʻia i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Kannada. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna hana mua ma 2004, me ka mea i loko o Love a ua hele a hōʻike ʻia i kekahi mau kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kūleʻa kūleʻa ʻia. ʻO ia ke keiki a ke alakaʻi Kannada ʻo Rajendra Singh Babu.
Hale Kūkākūkā ʻo Anhembi: ʻO Anhembi Parque kahi kikowaena o ka hui ma Santana, kahi moku o São Paulo, Brazil. Ma 400,000 mika mika o ka lumi i loko a me 93,000 mika o ka lewa, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hanana hanana nui loa ma Latin America. ʻO ke kikowaena ka home o 20+ mau makahiki nui, kēlā me kēia kaha kiʻi i ʻoi aku ma mua o 50,000 mau malihini kipa, a hoʻokipa i ka Carnival makahiki o São Paulo.
Hale hōʻikeʻike ʻo Ibirapuera: ʻO ka Ibirapuera Auditorium kahi hale i hapai ʻia e Oscar Niemeyer no ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kiʻina mele, aia ma Ibirapuera Park ma São Paulo.
Hale Hōʻikeʻike National (Cape Verde): He hale lehulehu ka National Auditorium ma Av. ʻO Cidade de Lisboa ma Praia, ke kapikala o Cape Verde, i pau i ka makahiki 2015. Ua kūkulu ʻia me ka hoʻopukapuka kālā mokuʻāina e Kina. Aia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka National Library of Cape Verde.
Audium: E nānā paha ʻo Audium i: He leo ʻAmelika ma o ka Pūnaewele Protocol Pūnaewele i loaʻa iā Cisco Systems. Audium (hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni) Nā moʻolelo Audium / Koch
Audium (hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni): ʻO Audium kahi hanana kiʻi kani i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia pule ma Kapalakiko mai 1967. ʻO Audium kahi mea i haku ʻia ʻo Stan Shaff i hana ʻia ma nā pono hana i hoʻolālā ʻia e Doug McEachern. Hoʻokani ʻia ia i loko o ka hale keaka ʻeleʻele loa i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻonui i nā hopena spatial o ke kani a no "choreographing sound in space." Hoʻomohala ʻia nā haku mele mai nā mea kani a me nā mea uila a mai nā leo o ka honua kūlohelohe i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā metaphors. "Hoʻonani" nā hana i ka lewa ma o 176 mau ʻōlelo.
Audium: E nānā paha ʻo Audium i: He leo ʻAmelika ma o ka Pūnaewele Protocol Pūnaewele i loaʻa iā Cisco Systems. Audium (hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni) Nā moʻolelo Audium / Koch
Audium (hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni): ʻO Audium kahi hanana kiʻi kani i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia pule ma Kapalakiko mai 1967. ʻO Audium kahi mea i haku ʻia ʻo Stan Shaff i hana ʻia ma nā pono hana i hoʻolālā ʻia e Doug McEachern. Hoʻokani ʻia ia i loko o ka hale keaka ʻeleʻele loa i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻonui i nā hopena spatial o ke kani a no "choreographing sound in space." Hoʻomohala ʻia nā haku mele mai nā mea kani a me nā mea uila a mai nā leo o ka honua kūlohelohe i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā metaphors. "Hoʻonani" nā hana i ka lewa ma o 176 mau ʻōlelo.
Hoʻokahi Hoʻokahi: ʻO Entertainment One Ltd. , i hoʻopōkole ʻia ʻo eOne , kahi ʻoihana hoʻokipa multinational Kanada. Hoʻokumu ʻia ma Toronto, Ontario, Kanada, ua pili nui ka ʻoihana i ka loaʻa, hoʻolaha ʻana, a me ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me nā kīwī. Ua helu ʻia ka ʻoihana ma ka London Stock Exchange ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana iā Hasbro ma Kekemapa 30, 2019.
Audianism: ʻO ka Audians a i ʻole ka Anthropomorphites kahi ʻāpana o nā Karistiano i ke kenekulia ʻehā ma Suria a me Scythia, i kapa ʻia ma hope o kā lākou mea hoʻokumu ʻo Audius, nāna i lawe maoli i ka huaʻōlelo o Genesis, i, 27 - ua hana ke Akua i nā kānaka i kona ʻano ponoʻī.
Audius Mtawarira: ʻO Audius Tonderai Mtawarira kahi mea mele a mele mele a Zimbabwean hana, hana pinepine i ka hana ma ke ʻano he Audius . Mai ka makahiki 1996 a 2012, ua noho ʻo ia ma Australia. I ka APRA Music Awards o 2009 ua lanakila 'o ia no Urban Work of the Year no ke kākau' ana i ka "Running Back" me kāna mea mele, ʻo Jessica Mauboy, a me ka mea haku mele 'Amelika' o Sean Ray Mullins.
Audiveris: ʻO Audiveris kahi mea hana hāmama no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mele ʻōnika (OMR).