Four-star rank, Four-star rank, Four-star rank

Kūlana hōkū ʻehā: ʻO kahi kūlana hōkū ʻehā ke kūlana o nā luna hōkū ʻehā i wehewehe ʻia e ka code NATO OF-9. ʻO nā luna hōkū ʻehā mau luna kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lawelawe kaua, me nā kūlana e like me ka (Admiral) (piha), a i ʻole ka ʻĀpana Aliʻi ʻeā. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia inoa e kekahi mau pūʻali koa ʻaʻole nā ​​lālā o ka ʻĀkau ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻAlika (NATO)
Kūlana hōkū ʻehā: ʻO kahi kūlana hōkū ʻehā ke kūlana o nā luna hōkū ʻehā i wehewehe ʻia e ka code NATO OF-9. ʻO nā luna hōkū ʻehā mau luna kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lawelawe kaua, me nā kūlana e like me ka (Admiral) (piha), a i ʻole ka ʻĀpana Aliʻi ʻeā. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia inoa e kekahi mau pūʻali koa ʻaʻole nā ​​lālā o ka ʻĀkau ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻAlika (NATO)
Kūlana hōkū ʻehā: ʻO kahi kūlana hōkū ʻehā ke kūlana o nā luna hōkū ʻehā i wehewehe ʻia e ka code NATO OF-9. ʻO nā luna hōkū ʻehā mau luna kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lawelawe kaua, me nā kūlana e like me ka (Admiral) (piha), a i ʻole ka ʻĀpana Aliʻi ʻeā. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia inoa e kekahi mau pūʻali koa ʻaʻole nā ​​lālā o ka ʻĀkau ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻAlika (NATO)
Kūlana hōkū ʻehā: ʻO kahi kūlana hōkū ʻehā ke kūlana o nā luna hōkū ʻehā i wehewehe ʻia e ka code NATO OF-9. ʻO nā luna hōkū ʻehā mau luna kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lawelawe kaua, me nā kūlana e like me ka (Admiral) (piha), a i ʻole ka ʻĀpana Aliʻi ʻeā. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia inoa e kekahi mau pūʻali koa ʻaʻole nā ​​lālā o ka ʻĀkau ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻAlika (NATO)
Kūlana hōkū ʻehā: ʻO kahi kūlana hōkū ʻehā ke kūlana o nā luna hōkū ʻehā i wehewehe ʻia e ka code NATO OF-9. ʻO nā luna hōkū ʻehā mau luna kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lawelawe kaua, me nā kūlana e like me ka (Admiral) (piha), a i ʻole ka ʻĀpana Aliʻi ʻeā. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia inoa e kekahi mau pūʻali koa ʻaʻole nā ​​lālā o ka ʻĀkau ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻAlika (NATO)
PostBar: ʻO PostBar , i kapa ʻia ʻo CPC 4-State , ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana barcode ʻeleʻele i hoʻohana ʻia e Canada Post i kāna hana leka uila ʻana a me nā hana hoʻouna. Ua like ia me nā ʻōnaehana barcode ʻehā o ka Mokuʻāina i hoʻohana ʻia e Australia Post a me ka United Kingdom Royal Mail, akā hoʻohana i kahi ʻōnaehana pouli a me ka ʻōnaehana encoding i kū hoʻokahi iā Canada Post. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana pāʻālua kikoʻī ma "nā pālahalaha" a me nā ʻāpana.
PostBar: ʻO PostBar , i kapa ʻia ʻo CPC 4-State , ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana barcode ʻeleʻele i hoʻohana ʻia e Canada Post i kāna hana leka uila ʻana a me nā hana hoʻouna. Ua like ia me nā ʻōnaehana barcode ʻehā o ka Mokuʻāina i hoʻohana ʻia e Australia Post a me ka United Kingdom Royal Mail, akā hoʻohana i kahi ʻōnaehana pouli a me ka ʻōnaehana encoding i kū hoʻokahi iā Canada Post. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana pāʻālua kikoʻī ma "nā pālahalaha" a me nā ʻāpana.
PostBar: ʻO PostBar , i kapa ʻia ʻo CPC 4-State , ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana barcode ʻeleʻele i hoʻohana ʻia e Canada Post i kāna hana leka uila ʻana a me nā hana hoʻouna. Ua like ia me nā ʻōnaehana barcode ʻehā o ka Mokuʻāina i hoʻohana ʻia e Australia Post a me ka United Kingdom Royal Mail, akā hoʻohana i kahi ʻōnaehana pouli a me ka ʻōnaehana encoding i kū hoʻokahi iā Canada Post. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana pāʻālua kikoʻī ma "nā pālahalaha" a me nā ʻāpana.
Ka wanana o ka halihali: ʻO ka wānana halihali ka hoʻāʻo o ka koho ʻana i ka helu o nā kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​poʻe e hoʻohana i kahi halihali kikoʻī i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO kahi laʻana, kuhi paha kahi wānana i ka helu o nā kaʻa ma ke ala i hoʻolālā ʻia a i ʻole ke alahaka, ka mea holo ma ke ala kaʻaahi, ka helu o nā mea holo e kipa aku ana i kahi kahua mokulele, a i ʻole ka helu o nā moku e kāhea ana i kahi awa. Hoʻomaka ka wānana mākaʻi me ka hōʻiliʻili o ka ʻikepili ma ke kaʻa i kēia manawa. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia ʻikepili kalaiwa me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia, e like me ka heluna kanaka, ka hana, nā huakaʻi huakaʻi, nā kumukūʻai huakaʻi, a pēlā aku, e hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano koi koi no ke kūlana o kēia manawa. ʻO ka hānai ʻana iā ia me nā ʻikepili i wānana ʻia no ka heluna kanaka, ka hana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā kuhi o ka wā e hiki mai ana, i koho ʻia no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o nā hana halihali e nīnau ʻia, e laʻa, no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana alanui a i ʻole nā ​​kahua kaʻaahi. Hoʻonohonoho nā ʻenehana i kēia manawa i ke kiʻi i ka ʻikepili hōʻeuʻeu, ʻikepili nui, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi ana i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻomohala i nā algorithms hou e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka wānana a me ka pololei o nā kuhi o kēia manawa.
ʻO Banjo: ʻO ka banjo kahi mea kani me ka membrane lahilahi i kī ʻia i luna o ke kino a i ʻole ke ana e hana i kahi resonator. ʻO ka membrane he mea poepoe maʻamau, a hana mau ʻia i ka plastic, a i kekahi mau manawa he ʻili holoholona. ʻO nā ʻano mua o ka mea hana i hana ʻia e ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i hoʻololi ʻia mai nā mea hana ʻApelika o ka hoʻolālā like. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka banjo me nā mele ʻōiwi a me nā kuaʻāina, a ua hoʻohana pū ʻia i kekahi mau mele pōhaku. Ua hoʻohana kekahi mau hui pōhaku e like me The Eagles, Led Zeppelin, a me The Allman Brothers, i ka banjo ʻelima kaula i loko o kekahi o kā lākou mele. ʻO ka mōʻaukala, ua noho ka banjo i kahi kikowaena i nā mele kuʻuna ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika a me ka moʻomeheu ʻōiwi o nā keʻokeʻo kaiāulu ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka mainstream ma o nā minstrel hōʻike o ka 19 kenekulia Me ka pila, ʻo ka banjo kahi mea nui o nā ʻano mele ʻAmelika, e like me Bluegrass a me nā mele kahiko. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia i ka jazz kuʻuna ("trad") jazz.
ʻEnekini hā ʻehā: A eha-mapuna engine mea he na'ā (IC) engine ma a ke kuʻe ke hoʻoholo 'ia eha hookaawale hahau ana ana haliu ae la ia i ka crankshaft. ʻO ke kahakaha e pili ana i ka huakaʻi holoʻokoʻa o ka piston ma ka ʻumeke, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻehā: Hoʻokomo: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi me ka hoʻokomo a me ka ʻona. Hoʻomaka kēia hahau o ka piston ma ke kikowaena make kiʻekiʻe (TDC) a hoʻopau i ke kikowaena make ma lalo (BDC). I kēia hahau pono ka puka komo i loko o ka hāmama i ka wā e huki ai ka piston i kahi hui air-fuel i loko o ka paukū e ka hana ʻana i ke kaomi i loko o ka paukū ma o ka neʻe ʻana i lalo. Ke neʻe nei ka piston i ka wā e omo ʻia ana ka ea e ka neʻe ʻana i lalo e kūʻē i ka piston. Kaomi : Hoʻomaka kēia hahau ma BDC, a i ʻole ma ka hopena o ka huki huki ʻana, a pau ma TDC I kēia hahau ka compresson ka piston i ka hoʻohuihui wahie i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka hoʻā ʻana i ka wā o ka uila (ma lalo). Hoʻopili ʻia nā valves komo a hoʻopau a i kēia wā. 'Ā: A ike me ka mana a me ka mea hō'ā kaʻa. ʻO kēia ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻokahuli lua o ka pōʻai hā hā. I kēia manawa ua hoʻopau ka crankshaft i kahi kipi 360 degere holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai aia ka piston ma TDC ka uila air-fuel compressed i hoʻā ʻia e kahi hunaahi a i ʻole ka wela i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka compression kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻihoʻi me ka ikaika i ka piston i BDC Hana kēia hana i ka hana mechanical mai ka ʻenekini e hoʻohuli i ka crankshaft. Exhaust : ʻIke ʻia ma ke ʻano he outlet. I ka wā o ka hahau ʻana, hoʻi hou ka piston, mai BDC a i TDC ʻoiai e hāmama ana ka ʻūhā. Kipaku kēia hana i ka hoʻohuihui wahie i hoʻolilo ʻia ma o ka vaipū hoʻopau
Pākuʻi Poppet: He kiwikā poppet kahi kiwikā e hoʻohana maʻamau ai e kaohi i ka manawa a me ka nui o ke kinoea a i ʻole kahe kahe i loko o kahi ʻenekini.
ʻEnekini hā ʻehā: A eha-mapuna engine mea he na'ā (IC) engine ma a ke kuʻe ke hoʻoholo 'ia eha hookaawale hahau ana ana haliu ae la ia i ka crankshaft. ʻO ke kahakaha e pili ana i ka huakaʻi holoʻokoʻa o ka piston ma ka ʻumeke, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻehā: Hoʻokomo: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi me ka hoʻokomo a me ka ʻona. Hoʻomaka kēia hahau o ka piston ma ke kikowaena make kiʻekiʻe (TDC) a hoʻopau i ke kikowaena make ma lalo (BDC). I kēia hahau pono ka puka komo i loko o ka hāmama i ka wā e huki ai ka piston i kahi hui air-fuel i loko o ka paukū e ka hana ʻana i ke kaomi i loko o ka paukū ma o ka neʻe ʻana i lalo. Ke neʻe nei ka piston i ka wā e omo ʻia ana ka ea e ka neʻe ʻana i lalo e kūʻē i ka piston. Kaomi : Hoʻomaka kēia hahau ma BDC, a i ʻole ma ka hopena o ka huki huki ʻana, a pau ma TDC I kēia hahau ka compresson ka piston i ka hoʻohuihui wahie i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka hoʻā ʻana i ka wā o ka uila (ma lalo). Hoʻopili ʻia nā valves komo a hoʻopau a i kēia wā. 'Ā: A ike me ka mana a me ka mea hō'ā kaʻa. ʻO kēia ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻokahuli lua o ka pōʻai hā hā. I kēia manawa ua hoʻopau ka crankshaft i kahi kipi 360 degere holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai aia ka piston ma TDC ka uila air-fuel compressed i hoʻā ʻia e kahi hunaahi a i ʻole ka wela i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka compression kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻihoʻi me ka ikaika i ka piston i BDC Hana kēia hana i ka hana mechanical mai ka ʻenekini e hoʻohuli i ka crankshaft. Exhaust : ʻIke ʻia ma ke ʻano he outlet. I ka wā o ka hahau ʻana, hoʻi hou ka piston, mai BDC a i TDC ʻoiai e hāmama ana ka ʻūhā. Kipaku kēia hana i ka hoʻohuihui wahie i hoʻolilo ʻia ma o ka vaipū hoʻopau
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana kiwikā uila ʻehā mau hahau: ʻO kahi kiwikā uila ʻehā hahau kahi mea i hoʻokau ʻia i nā ʻenekini ʻehā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau i ke anawaena o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopau e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wikiwiki o ka ʻenekini. Ma ka ʻenekini haʻahaʻa e wikiwiki ai ka ikaika o ka nalu ma waena o ka pūnaewele paipu. Hana ʻia kahi oscillation piha o ka resonance Helmholtz ma mua o ka paʻa ʻana o ka valves exhaust, a no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke aniani wikiwiki, hoʻokomo ʻia nā nalu kaomi nui nui i ka hana. Loaʻa kēia i ka panina hapa o ka pahu kupu kūloko ma loko o ka luhi ma ke kiko kahi e hoʻopili ai nā paipu mua mai nā paukūʻolokaʻa. Hana maoli kēia kiko huina ma ke ʻano he ʻano lewa. ʻO ka hoʻololi o ke kaomi ma kēia wahi kaohi i ka lawena o nā nalu i hōʻike ʻia i kēia hoʻonui pinepine ʻana o ka discontinuity ʻāpana. ʻO ka pani ʻana o ka kiwikā e hoʻonui ai i ka kaomi kūloko, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā nalu hoʻonui hoʻonui maikaʻi ʻole i hōʻike ʻia. ʻO kahi kaʻa lawelawe lawelawe e ka ECU e wehe a pani i ka puka. Hele ka nohona mai ka paʻa ʻana o ka pani piha i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki, ma o ka wehe piha ʻana i nā wikiwiki o nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe. Mālama kēia i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki i ka waena waena, ka nui o ka mana laina a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pae leo luhi i ka wā e waiho ana ka pahu i kona wahi wehe.
DOX: 4-Hoʻololi ʻia-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamines ( DO x ) he papa kemika o nā derivatives amphetamine i pani ʻia e hōʻike ana i nā hui methoxy ma nā kūlana 2 a me 5 o ke apo phenyl, a me kahi mea e like me ka alkyl a i ʻole halogen ma ke kūlana 4-. o ke apo phenyl. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia papa he lāʻau lapaʻau psychedelic ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi, a hana ma ke ʻano he 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2B , a me 5-HT 2C mau agonists hapa. ʻO kekahi mau mea nui e like me DOAM he pilina paʻa like no nā mea loaʻa he 5-HT 2 akā hana ma ke ʻano he antagonists, a no laila ʻaʻole e hana i nā hopena psychedelic ʻoiai lākou e mālama i nā hopena stimulant like amphetamine.
DOX: 4-Hoʻololi ʻia-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamines ( DO x ) he papa kemika o nā derivatives amphetamine i pani ʻia e hōʻike ana i nā hui methoxy ma nā kūlana 2 a me 5 o ke apo phenyl, a me kahi mea e like me ka alkyl a i ʻole halogen ma ke kūlana 4-. o ke apo phenyl. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia papa he lāʻau lapaʻau psychedelic ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi, a hana ma ke ʻano he 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2B , a me 5-HT 2C mau agonists hapa. ʻO kekahi mau mea nui e like me DOAM he pilina paʻa like no nā mea loaʻa he 5-HT 2 akā hana ma ke ʻano he antagonists, a no laila ʻaʻole e hana i nā hopena psychedelic ʻoiai lākou e mālama i nā hopena stimulant like amphetamine.
DOX: 4-Hoʻololi ʻia-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamines ( DO x ) he papa kemika o nā derivatives amphetamine i pani ʻia e hōʻike ana i nā hui methoxy ma nā kūlana 2 a me 5 o ke apo phenyl, a me kahi mea e like me ka alkyl a i ʻole halogen ma ke kūlana 4-. o ke apo phenyl. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia papa he lāʻau lapaʻau psychedelic ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi, a hana ma ke ʻano he 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2B , a me 5-HT 2C mau agonists hapa. ʻO kekahi mau mea nui e like me DOAM he pilina paʻa like no nā mea loaʻa he 5-HT 2 akā hana ma ke ʻano he antagonists, a no laila ʻaʻole e hana i nā hopena psychedelic ʻoiai lākou e mālama i nā hopena stimulant like amphetamine.
DOX: 4-Hoʻololi ʻia-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamines ( DO x ) he papa kemika o nā derivatives amphetamine i pani ʻia e hōʻike ana i nā hui methoxy ma nā kūlana 2 a me 5 o ke apo phenyl, a me kahi mea e like me ka alkyl a i ʻole halogen ma ke kūlana 4-. o ke apo phenyl. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia papa he lāʻau lapaʻau psychedelic ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi, a hana ma ke ʻano he 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2B , a me 5-HT 2C mau agonists hapa. ʻO kekahi mau mea nui e like me DOAM he pilina paʻa like no nā mea loaʻa he 5-HT 2 akā hana ma ke ʻano he antagonists, a no laila ʻaʻole e hana i nā hopena psychedelic ʻoiai lākou e mālama i nā hopena stimulant like amphetamine.
4-sulfobenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase: I loko o ka enzymology, he 4-sulfobenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase (EC 1.14.12.8 ) kahi enzyme e catalyzed i ka hopena kemika 4-sulfobenzoate + NADH + H + + O 2 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + sulfite + NAD +
4-sulfobenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase: I loko o ka enzymology, he 4-sulfobenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase (EC 1.14.12.8 ) kahi enzyme e catalyzed i ka hopena kemika 4-sulfobenzoate + NADH + H + + O 2 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + sulfite + NAD +
4-Sulfomuconolactone hydrolase: 4-sulfomuconolactone hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.92 ) kahi enzyme me ka inoa ʻōnaehana 4-sulfomuconolactone sulfioxidolase . Hoʻopili kēia enzyme i ka hopena kemika i lalo 4-sulfomuconolactone + H 2 ʻO maleylacetate + sulfite
4-Sulfomuconolactone hydrolase: 4-sulfomuconolactone hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.92 ) kahi enzyme me ka inoa ʻōnaehana 4-sulfomuconolactone sulfioxidolase . Hoʻopili kēia enzyme i ka hopena kemika i lalo 4-sulfomuconolactone + H 2 ʻO maleylacetate + sulfite
4T: E nānā paha ʻo 4T a i ʻole 4-T iā: 4-T-TRIS; ʻike iā Thiotrisescaline 4-t-butylpyrocatechol; ʻike iā 4- tert -Butylcatechol 4T-MMDA-2; ʻike iā MMDA 4T-GTE, kahi laʻana o ka ʻenekini Toyota T 4T, kahi hiʻohiʻona o LWD Szpak Piaggio Zip 4T, he scooter kaona 4T - Kākoʻo Kōkua Kula ʻōpio ʻo Vietnam 4T, ke code hana no ka Kauka 1977 nāna ka serial ʻO ka ʻenemi ʻike maka ʻole ʻia Hoʻololi ʻEhā, hoʻohiki hoʻohiki ʻo 2018 e ka pelekikena o Mexico e hoʻopau i nā hana hoʻomāinoino i hōʻeha ʻia i kēlā lāhui.
4-tert-Butylcatechol: 4- tert -Butylcatechol (TBC) kahi mea hoʻohui kemikaola i loaʻa i ka catechol. Loaʻa ka TBC i ke ʻano o ka flake aniani paʻa a me ka hopena 85% i ka methanol a i ʻole ka wai.
ʻEhā-ʻumi: I ke kālaikūlohea, kikoʻī no ka hilinaʻi kūikawā a me ka hilinaʻi laulaha, he ʻehā-ʻumi ka mea e hoʻopōkole ʻia no ka ʻenekema i kahi manawa ʻehā dimensional.
Terpinen-4-ol: ʻO Terpinen-4-ol kahi isomer o terpineol me ka kemika C 10 H 18 O. ʻO kahi mea nui o ka aila lāʻau kī, ua kiʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana mai nā lau, nā lālā, a me ka ʻili o Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel. I loko nō o ka noiʻi loiloi nui a me ka mua o ka terpinen-4-ol a me ka aila kumulāʻau, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia kona mau pono olaola a me nā hiki no nā hoʻohana pilikino e like me ka makahiki 2019. He kumu paha ia i ka dermatitis pili o ka ʻaila lāʻau kī ke hoʻohana ʻia topically .
ʻO Para-tert-Butylbenzoic acid: para - tert -Butylbenzoic acid ( PTBBA ) kahi hui kūlohelohe . ʻO kahi waikawa benzoic i pani ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā resin alkyd.
4-tert-Butylcatechol: 4- tert -Butylcatechol (TBC) kahi mea hoʻohui kemikaola i loaʻa i ka catechol. Loaʻa ka TBC i ke ʻano o ka flake aniani paʻa a me ka hopena 85% i ka methanol a i ʻole ka wai.
ʻO Para-tert-Butylbenzoic acid: para - tert -Butylbenzoic acid ( PTBBA ) kahi hui kūlohelohe . ʻO kahi waikawa benzoic i pani ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā resin alkyd.
4-tert-Butylcatechol: 4- tert -Butylcatechol (TBC) kahi mea hoʻohui kemikaola i loaʻa i ka catechol. Loaʻa ka TBC i ke ʻano o ka flake aniani paʻa a me ka hopena 85% i ka methanol a i ʻole ka wai.
Testosterone: ʻO ka testosterone ka hone sex mua a me ka steroid anabolic i nā kāne. I nā kāne kāne, he mea nui ka testosterone i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kino reproductive kāne e like me nā testes a me prostate, a me ka paipai ʻana i nā ʻano moekolohe lua e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mākala a me ka iwi iwi, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka lauoho o ke kino. Hoʻohui ʻia, pili ka testosterone i ke olakino a me ke olakino, a me ka pale ʻana i ka osteoporosis. ʻAʻole lawa ka pae o ka testosterone i nā kāne e alakaʻi i nā mea kūpono ʻole e like me ka nāwaliwali a me ka nalo ʻana o ka iwi.
Aminothiazole: ʻO 2-Aminothiazole kahi amine heterocyclic e hōʻike ana i ke kumu thiazole. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he isothiourea cyclic. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻala e like me ka pyridine a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, nā wai ʻona a me ka diethyl ether. Hoʻohana mau ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he wahi hoʻomaka no ka synthesis o nā hui like pū me nā lāʻau sulfur, biocides, fungicides, dyes a me nā accelerators react kemikala. 2-Aminothiazole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea kāohi thyroid i ka mālama ʻana i ka hyperthyroidism a loaʻa ka hana antibacterial. ʻOkoʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kona paʻakai tartrate paʻakai. ʻO nā noiʻi hou e hoʻohana nei i nā laina cell neuroblastoma prion-maʻi i ʻōlelo ʻia e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka aminothiazole ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi prion.
Multitier kuhikuhipuʻuone: I ka hana ʻenehana polokalamu, multitier kuhikuhipuʻuone a multilayered kuhikuhipuʻuone mea kūʻai mai – kikowaena kuhikuhipuʻuone kahi hōʻike, hana noi a me ka ʻikepili hoʻokele hana i hoʻokaʻawale kino ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻohana ākea ākea o ka hoʻolālā multitier ka hoʻolālāʻekolu .
Hoʻopaʻa inoa pūʻulu: I ka ʻepekema ʻepekema, hoʻopaʻa leo ʻia nā hui i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia a i ʻole hoʻopaʻa inoa pūʻulu pūʻulu ( GCR ) i kekahi mau ʻano hoʻopā'ālua akā pili e pili ana i ka pāpaho media. ʻO ka mea mua, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka 6250 bpi magnetic tape mai ka 1973, kahi pāʻālua hoʻoponopono hewa i hui pū ʻia me kahi hoʻolālā holo lōʻihi i kaupalena ʻia (RLL), e pili ana i ka hui o nā code modulation. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻokoʻa pā hōkū keyframe ʻokoʻa a me nā kiʻina hana hoʻopāpā floppy disk i hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi mau microcomputers a hiki i ka hopena o 1980. He ʻano i hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻo GCR o kahi pāʻālua NRZI, akā pono me kahi kiʻekiʻena hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻopaʻa inoa pūʻulu: I ka ʻepekema ʻepekema, hoʻopaʻa leo ʻia nā hui i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia a i ʻole hoʻopaʻa inoa pūʻulu pūʻulu ( GCR ) i kekahi mau ʻano hoʻopā'ālua akā pili e pili ana i ka pāpaho media. ʻO ka mea mua, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka 6250 bpi magnetic tape mai ka 1973, kahi pāʻālua hoʻoponopono hewa i hui pū ʻia me kahi hoʻolālā holo lōʻihi i kaupalena ʻia (RLL), e pili ana i ka hui o nā code modulation. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻokoʻa pā hōkū keyframe ʻokoʻa a me nā kiʻina hana hoʻopāpā floppy disk i hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi mau microcomputers a hiki i ka hopena o 1980. He ʻano i hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻo GCR o kahi pāʻālua NRZI, akā pono me kahi kiʻekiʻena hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe.
ʻEhā i ka papahele (mele): ʻEhā ma ka papahele kahi hiʻohiʻona rhythm i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka disko a me kekahi mau kaila o nā mele hulahula uila e like me ka hale, techno a me kā lākou mea i loaʻa. He kūpaʻa kūmau ia, kūlike i ka manawa ma 4/4 manawa kahi e hoʻokau ai ka pahu bass i kēlā me kēia kuʻi i ka manawa maʻamau.
Tolidine: ʻO 2-Tolidine ( orthotolidine , o-tolidine ; ʻaʻole e huikau me ka o ka ʻo -toluidine ) kahi hui pū me ke ʻano kemika (C 6 H 4 (CH 3 ) NH 2 ) 2 . ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau isomer; ʻo ka 3-tolidine derivative ka mea nui i kālepa. He hui kala ʻole ia akā ʻo nā laʻana kalepa kala ʻia nā kala. Māmā iki ia i ka wai. Hana ia i nā paʻakai me nā waikawa, e like me ka hydrochloride, i loaʻa ma ke kālepa.
4-Toluenesulfonyl kloride: 4-Toluenesulfonyl chloride ( p -toluenesulfonyl chloride , toluene- p -sulfonyl chloride ) kahi hui kūlohelohe me ke ʻano CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 2 Cl. ʻO kēia keʻokeʻo, malodorous paʻa kahi reagent i hoʻohana ākea ʻia i ka synthetic synthetic. Hoʻopau ʻia ʻo TsCl a i ʻole TosCl , kahi mea i loaʻa i ka toluene a loaʻa kahi sulfonyl chloride (−SO 2 Cl) pūʻulu hana.
Toluidine: ʻEkolu mau isomers o ka toluidine , nā mea hoʻohui ʻokanika. ʻO kēia mau isomers he o -toluidine , m -toluidine , a me p -toluidine , me ka huapalapala prefixed e hoʻopōkole ana, kēlā me kēia, ortho ; meta ; a me para . ʻO nā mea ʻekolu āpau a me nā ʻene me nā ʻano kemika i like me ka aniline koe wale no kahi pani ʻia o kahi hui methyl ma ke apo benzene. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau isomer ʻekolu ke kūlana kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka hui methyl (–CH 3 ) i ke apo e pili ana i ka hui hana amino (–NH 2 ); e nānā i ke kiʻi o nā hana kemika ma lalo.
4-ala: 4-track a i ʻole 4-track tape e kuhikuhi iā: ʻO ka cartridge 4-track ma ke ʻano he waihona waihona mele analogue i makemake ʻia mai ka hopena o 1950 ʻO kahi leki uila 4-track no ka hoʻopaʻa leo multitrack i hoʻohana ʻia i nā keʻena hoʻopaʻa leo ʻoihana A laina quadruple alahao laina
4-ala: 4-track a i ʻole 4-track tape e kuhikuhi iā: ʻO ka cartridge 4-track ma ke ʻano he waihona waihona mele analogue i makemake ʻia mai ka hopena o 1950 ʻO kahi leki uila 4-track no ka hoʻopaʻa leo multitrack i hoʻohana ʻia i nā keʻena hoʻopaʻa leo ʻoihana A laina quadruple alahao laina
Hoʻopaʻa leo Multitrack: ʻO Multitrack recording ( MTR ), i ʻike ʻia he multitracking a i ʻole ka hoʻokolo ʻana , kahi hana o ka hoʻopaʻa leo i hoʻomohala ʻia ma 1955 e ʻae ai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻokoʻa ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai he nui a i ʻole nā ​​kumuwaiwai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā manawa like ʻole e hana i kahi hui lōkahi. Ua hiki ke hiki i Multitracking i ka waena o 1950 i ka manawa i ulu ai ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopaʻa like ʻana i nā kaha leo ʻokoʻa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā "track" discrete ma ka lipine like-to-reel. ʻO kahi "track" kahi kahakaha ʻokoʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kāna wahi ponoʻī ma ka lipine kahi e mālama ʻia ai kā lākou kaʻina pili o nā hanana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a e hui pū ʻia ka playback a hoʻopili ʻia paha.
Stereo-Pak: ʻO ka Muntz Stereo-Pak , i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he cartridge 4-track , kahi ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe kani leo uila ʻumeʻume. ʻO ka mea hoʻokani lekiō i loko o ke kaʻa i hoʻokani i nā cartridges Stereo-Pak i kapa ʻia ʻo Autostereo , akā ua kūʻai ʻia aku ia ma lalo o ka inoa ʻoihana Stereo-Pak maʻamau.
Hoʻopaʻa leo Multitrack: ʻO Multitrack recording ( MTR ), i ʻike ʻia he multitracking a i ʻole ka hoʻokolo ʻana , kahi hana o ka hoʻopaʻa leo i hoʻomohala ʻia ma 1955 e ʻae ai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻokoʻa ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai he nui a i ʻole nā ​​kumuwaiwai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā manawa like ʻole e hana i kahi hui lōkahi. Ua hiki ke hiki i Multitracking i ka waena o 1950 i ka manawa i ulu ai ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopaʻa like ʻana i nā kaha leo ʻokoʻa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā "track" discrete ma ka lipine like-to-reel. ʻO kahi "track" kahi kahakaha ʻokoʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kāna wahi ponoʻī ma ka lipine kahi e mālama ʻia ai kā lākou kaʻina pili o nā hanana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a e hui pū ʻia ka playback a hoʻopili ʻia paha.
4-ala: 4-track a i ʻole 4-track tape e kuhikuhi iā: ʻO ka cartridge 4-track ma ke ʻano he waihona waihona mele analogue i makemake ʻia mai ka hopena o 1950 ʻO kahi leki uila 4-track no ka hoʻopaʻa leo multitrack i hoʻohana ʻia i nā keʻena hoʻopaʻa leo ʻoihana A laina quadruple alahao laina
2C-TFM: ʻO 2C-TFM kahi phenethylamine psychedelic o ka ʻohana 2C. Ua synthesize mua ʻia i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua o David E. Nichols. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo 2C-CF 3 , kahi inoa i loaʻa mai ka Para-trifluoromethyl pūʻulu i loaʻa iā ia.
4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase: I loko o ka enzymology, kahi 4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.47 ) kahi enzyme e catalyzed i ka hopena kemika 4-trimethylammoniobutanal + NAD + + H 2 O 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + NADH + 2 H +
ʻO Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase: ʻO Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase kahi enzyme i loko o nā kānaka i hoʻopili ʻia e ka ʻaoʻao BBOX1 . Hāpai ka Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o L-carnitine mai gamma-butyrobetaine, ke kaʻina hope loa ma ke ala biosynthesis L-carnitine. He mea nui ʻo Carnitine no ka lawe ʻana i nā waikawa momona i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma o ka membrane mitochondrial i ka wā o ka mitochondrial beta oxidation. I nā kānaka, hiki ke loaʻa ka gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase i ka hakuʻala (kiʻekiʻe), ke akepaʻa (kaulike), a me ka lolo. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo BBOX1 ma ke ʻano he ʻano maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi ma ke kumu o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻikepili microarray nui.
4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase: I loko o ka enzymology, kahi 4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.47 ) kahi enzyme e catalyzed i ka hopena kemika 4-trimethylammoniobutanal + NAD + + H 2 O 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + NADH + 2 H +
Tuple: I ka makemakika, ʻo ka tuple kahi papa inoa palena palena ʻia (ke kaʻina) o nā mea. ʻO kahi n -tuple kahi kaʻina o n mau kumumea, kahi n he huina helu kūpono ʻole. Hoʻokahi wale nō 0-tuple, i kapa ʻia he tuple hakahaka . Hoʻomaopopo inductively kahi n -tuple i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi paʻa i kauoha ʻia.
4U: E kuhikuhi paha ʻo 4U a i ʻole 4 U iā: Kelemania, he mokulele 4U, kahi nui o ka anakuhi acronym for the final (4th) catalog of Uhuru x-ray kumuwaiwai
Ke papa inoa o nā kāʻei k-kākahu: ʻO kahi tile k -uniform kahi tile o ka lele ʻana o ka mokulele e nā polygons maʻamau i hoʻopili ʻia, e pili ana i ka palena a i kekahi, me nā ʻano o nā piko. ʻO ka tile 1-kākahu i hoʻopili ʻia me 3 mau huila maʻamau, a me 8 i ʻāpana semiregular. Hiki ke ho'ākāka ʻia kahi tile 1-e ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka vertex. ʻO nā k -uniform kiʻekiʻe i helu ʻia e kā lākou helu vertex, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike kū hoʻokahi ʻia i kēia ala.
4V: E nānā paha ʻo 4V a i ʻole 4-V iā: 4V, pōkole no 4 volts 4V, pōkole no ka ʻenekini 4-kiwikā 4V, helu IATA no Birdy Airlines Mokuna mokulele Venera 4V-2 ʻO Sun-4v, kahi hoʻohālikelike o ka hana o Sun-4 6AL-4V, kahi ʻano o ka oka a titanium 4V, kahi hoʻohālike o ka ʻenekini Toyota V 4V, pōkole no QuatroV - Hōʻike Kīwī 4V, ke code hana no ka 1977 Kauka ʻO wai ka weliweli weliweli o Fang Rock 4V: he unuhi mua ITU no Haiti
Gamma-Valerolactone: ʻO γ-Valerolactone ( GVL ) kahi hui kūlohelohe me ka haʻilula C 5 H 8 O 2 . ʻO kēia wai kala ʻole kekahi o nā lactones maʻamau. He chiral ʻo GVL akā hoʻohana mau ʻia ma ke ʻano he racemate. Loaʻa iā ia mai ka biomass cellulosic a he wahie kūpono a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Manaʻo manaʻo ʻehā: I ke kūpili, ʻo ka noʻonoʻo loiloi i ʻehā i manaʻo ʻia me kēlā me kēia waiwai ʻehā. Ua haku ʻia kekahi mau loiloi e like me nā pilikia kūpono like ʻole.
Palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh: ʻO ka palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh he hana ia e hoʻomaʻalahi i nā ʻōlelo a Algebra Boolean. Ua hoʻolauna ʻo Maurice Karnaugh iā ia ma 1953 ma ke ʻano he refinement o kā Edward W. Veitch's 1952 Veitch chart , kahi mea i loaʻa hou iā Allan Marquand's 1881 diagram log aka Marquand diagram ' akā me ka nānā i kau ʻia i kāna pono no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kaapuni.' No laila ʻike ʻia nā pakuhi ʻo Veitch ʻo Marquand – Veitch diagram , 'a me nā palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh ma ke ʻano he palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh – Veitch .
Palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh: ʻO ka palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh he hana ia e hoʻomaʻalahi i nā ʻōlelo a Algebra Boolean. Ua hoʻolauna ʻo Maurice Karnaugh iā ia ma 1953 ma ke ʻano he refinement o kā Edward W. Veitch's 1952 Veitch chart , kahi mea i loaʻa hou iā Allan Marquand's 1881 diagram log aka Marquand diagram ' akā me ka nānā i kau ʻia i kāna pono no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kaapuni.' No laila ʻike ʻia nā pakuhi ʻo Veitch ʻo Marquand – Veitch diagram , 'a me nā palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh ma ke ʻano he palapala ʻāina ʻo Karnaugh – Veitch .
Lau-maha: I ka hilinaʻi kūikawā, he mea ʻehā ka vector me nā mea ʻehā, e loli i kahi ala kikoʻī ma lalo o ka loli o Lorentz. ʻO kahi kikoʻī, he vector-ʻehā kahi mea o kahi ākea vector ʻehā dimensional i manaʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he hiʻohiʻona o ka hōʻike maʻamau o ka hui Lorentz, ka (½, ½) hōʻike. ʻOkoʻa ia mai kahi vector Euclidean i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona nui. ʻO nā loli e mālama i kēia nui ka hoʻololi o Lorentz, i hoʻopili ʻia i nā kaʻina spatial a me nā hoʻonui.
ʻEhā wikiwiki: I ke kālaikūlohea, i ke kikoʻī i ka hilinaʻi kūikawā a me ka hilinaʻi laulā, kahi wikiwiki ʻehā he vector ʻehā i ka manawa ʻehā dimensional e hōʻike ana i ka counterpart relativistic o ka wikiwiki, ʻo ia ka vector ʻekolu dimensional i ka lewa.
Canolol: ʻO Canolol kahi hui phenolic i loaʻa i ka aila canola crude. Hana ʻia ia e ka decarboxylation o ka waikawa sinapic i ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā hua canola.
4-Vinylphenol: ʻO 4-Vinylphenol kahi hui phenolic i loaʻa i ka waina a me ka pia. Hana ʻia ia e ka Brastanomyces hū nā mea hōʻino . Ke hiki i nā kukuna i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka paepae sensory, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā onaona waina i wehewehe ʻia e like me ka barnyard , ka lāʻau , nā band-aids , a me ka mousy . I ka waina, hiki i ka 4-vinylphenol ke hana me nā mole ʻē aʻe, e like me anthocyanidins, e hana i nā hui kemika hou. I loko o nā waina keʻokeʻo vinylphenols ka mea nui akā, i nā ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia nā phenol ethyl like.
ʻO Vinylcyclohexene dioxide: ʻO 4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide ( VCD ) kahi hui kūpona i loaʻa i ʻelua mau hui hana epoxide. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he crosslinking agena no ka hana ʻana o nā epoxy resins. He wai kala ʻole ia. He waena waena ia no ka synthesity o nā mea hoʻohui meaola.
2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol: ʻO 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol kahi mea ʻala i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea ʻala. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻohui no ke ʻala kūlohelohe o ka buckwheat.
4-Vinylphenol: ʻO 4-Vinylphenol kahi hui phenolic i loaʻa i ka waina a me ka pia. Hana ʻia ia e ka Brastanomyces hū nā mea hōʻino . Ke hiki i nā kukuna i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka paepae sensory, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā onaona waina i wehewehe ʻia e like me ka barnyard , ka lāʻau , nā band-aids , a me ka mousy . I ka waina, hiki i ka 4-vinylphenol ke hana me nā mole ʻē aʻe, e like me anthocyanidins, e hana i nā hui kemika hou. I loko o nā waina keʻokeʻo vinylphenols ka mea nui akā, i nā ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia nā phenol ethyl like.
4-Vinylcyclohexene: ʻO 4-Vinylcyclohexene kahi hui kūlohelohe i loko o kahi hui vinyl i hoʻopili ʻia i ka 4-kūlana o ke apo cyclohexene. He wai kala ʻole ia. ʻOiai ʻo chiral, hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he racemate. He mea mua ia i ka vinylcyclohexene dioxide.
ʻO Vinylcyclohexene dioxide: ʻO 4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide ( VCD ) kahi hui kūpona i loaʻa i ʻelua mau hui hana epoxide. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he crosslinking agena no ka hana ʻana o nā epoxy resins. He wai kala ʻole ia. He waena waena ia no ka synthesity o nā mea hoʻohui meaola.
2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol: ʻO 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol kahi mea ʻala i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea ʻala. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻohui no ke ʻala kūlohelohe o ka buckwheat.
4-Vinylphenol: ʻO 4-Vinylphenol kahi hui phenolic i loaʻa i ka waina a me ka pia. Hana ʻia ia e ka Brastanomyces hū nā mea hōʻino . Ke hiki i nā kukuna i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka paepae sensory, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā onaona waina i wehewehe ʻia e like me ka barnyard , ka lāʻau , nā band-aids , a me ka mousy . I ka waina, hiki i ka 4-vinylphenol ke hana me nā mole ʻē aʻe, e like me anthocyanidins, e hana i nā hui kemika hou. I loko o nā waina keʻokeʻo vinylphenols ka mea nui akā, i nā ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia nā phenol ethyl like.
Canolol: ʻO Canolol kahi hui phenolic i loaʻa i ka aila canola crude. Hana ʻia ia e ka decarboxylation o ka waikawa sinapic i ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā hua canola.
Mele mele: ʻO ke kumumanaʻo mele ke aʻo ʻana i nā hana a me nā hiki o ke mele. ʻO ka Oxford Companion to Music e wehewehe i nā hoʻohana pili ʻekolu o ka huaʻōlelo "mele mele". ʻO ka mea mua ka "rudiment", pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka mele mele; ʻo ka lua ke aʻo ʻana i nā manaʻo o ka poʻe ʻepekema i ke mele mai ka wā kahiko a hiki i kēia manawa; ʻo ke kolu kahi kumuhana sub-kumuhana o ka mele e "ʻimi e wehewehe i nā hana a me nā loina laulā i ke mele". ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ke mele i ke kumumanaʻo mai ke kālailai mele ʻana "ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻomaka kēia ʻaʻole kahi hana a hana paha kēlā me kēia akā ʻo nā kumuwaiwai kumu kahi i kūkulu ʻia ai."
4W: E kuhikuhi paha ʻo 4W a i ʻole 4-W iā:
Hoʻohuihui ʻehā-nalu: ʻEhā nalu hoʻohuihui (FWM) kahi hanana intermodulation i nā optics laina ʻole, kahi e hana ai nā pilina ma waena o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha nalu i ʻelua a i hoʻokahi nalu hou paha. Ua like ia me ke kiko waena o ka ʻaoʻao intercept ma nā ʻōnaehana uila. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻohuihui ʻehā i ka distorion intermodulation i nā ʻōnaehana uila maʻamau. He hana nonlinear parametric ia, i mālama ʻia ai ka ikehu o nā kiʻi paʻi e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka FWM kahi hana maʻalahi-ʻāpana, i ka hopena o ka hopena o ke kaʻina e hoʻopili nui ʻia e nā kūlana hoʻohālikelike pae.
Lau-maha: I ka hilinaʻi kūikawā, he mea ʻehā ka vector me nā mea ʻehā, e loli i kahi ala kikoʻī ma lalo o ka loli o Lorentz. ʻO kahi kikoʻī, he vector-ʻehā kahi mea o kahi ākea vector ʻehā dimensional i manaʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he hiʻohiʻona o ka hōʻike maʻamau o ka hui Lorentz, ka (½, ½) hōʻike. ʻOkoʻa ia mai kahi vector Euclidean i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona nui. ʻO nā loli e mālama i kēia nui ka hoʻololi o Lorentz, i hoʻopili ʻia i nā kaʻina spatial a me nā hoʻonui.
4-ala: Hiki iā 4-ʻaoʻao a i ʻole Fourway ke kuhikuhi iā: kahi ʻōnaehana kani i piha nā leo nui ʻehā kahi hanana skydiving hanana, "4-way sequential", ʻehā ona mau lālā i kēlā me kēia kime kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻonui multiplier Symmetric me 4 mau pūnaehana ʻO Fourway Athletics, he kime pōpeku Hong Kong Pā-ʻehā Kuapo ʻehā Kealakekua, Hawaii (disambiguation)
4-ala: Hiki iā 4-ʻaoʻao a i ʻole Fourway ke kuhikuhi iā: kahi ʻōnaehana kani i piha nā leo nui ʻehā kahi hanana skydiving hanana, "4-way sequential", ʻehā ona mau lālā i kēlā me kēia kime kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻonui multiplier Symmetric me 4 mau pūnaehana ʻO Fourway Athletics, he kime pōpeku Hong Kong Pā-ʻehā Kuapo ʻehā Kealakekua, Hawaii (disambiguation)
ʻEhā mea pāʻani keaka He ʻohana hoʻokani chess ʻehā mau mea pāʻani ke pāʻani pinepine ʻia me nā poʻe ʻehā. ʻO kahi papa kūikawā i hana ʻia i nā pahu 8 × 8 maʻamau me kahi 3 lālani o 8 mau pūnaewele e hoʻonui ana mai kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao ka mea maʻamau. ʻEhā mau ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana kala ʻokoʻa e pono e pāʻani i kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa. Hāpai ka chess ʻehā mau mea i nā lula maʻamau e like me ka chess maʻa mau. Nui nā ʻano lula ʻokoʻa; ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano, akā, kaʻana like i ka papa like a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻāpana like.
ʻElepā ala ʻehā: ʻO ka kiwikā ʻehā a i ʻole moa moa ʻehā kahi kiwikā e kaohi ana ka wai nona ke kino ʻehā mau awa i kaulike ʻia a puni ka lumi kiwikā a he ʻelua mau paukū e hoʻopili ai i nā awa pili pono. Pākuʻi ʻia paha ke plug a paina paha, a i ʻole kinipōpō.
Loudspeaker: ʻO kahi leo nui kahi transducer electroacoustic; he hāmeʻa e hoʻololi i kahi hōʻailona leo uila i ke kani like. ʻO ka ʻano o ka mea haʻi ʻōlelo e hoʻohana ākea ʻia ka mea kamaʻilio ikaika . Pono e hoʻonui a hoʻoikaika ʻia ke kumu o ke kani me kahi mea hoʻonui mana leo ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana o ka hōʻailona i ka mea ʻōlelo.
Loudspeaker: ʻO kahi leo nui kahi transducer electroacoustic; he hāmeʻa e hoʻololi i kahi hōʻailona leo uila i ke kani like. ʻO ka ʻano o ka mea haʻi ʻōlelo e hoʻohana ākea ʻia ka mea kamaʻilio ikaika . Pono e hoʻonui a hoʻoikaika ʻia ke kumu o ke kani me kahi mea hoʻonui mana leo ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana o ka hōʻailona i ka mea ʻōlelo.
Kahi ala holoʻokoʻa: ʻO kahi kū ala holoʻokoʻa - i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻehā ala - kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaʻa e pono ai nā kaʻa ma nā ala āpau i kahi huina alanui e kū ma ke kuʻina ma mua o ka hele ʻana ma o. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma nā wahi hāmeʻa liʻiliʻi, maʻamau ka hoʻonohonoho ma United States, Kanada, ʻApelika Hema, Liberia, a me Mexico, a ma nā wahi he nui, he mau kua'āina, nā wahi ma Australia kahi e ʻike ai ka pili o ka huina. ʻano ʻilihune hoʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā hōʻailona kū ma nā kuʻina me nā pā hou aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka helu o nā hoʻokokoke ʻana.
ʻElepā ala ʻehā: ʻO ka kiwikā ʻehā a i ʻole moa moa ʻehā kahi kiwikā e kaohi ana ka wai nona ke kino ʻehā mau awa i kaulike ʻia a puni ka lumi kiwikā a he ʻelua mau paukū e hoʻopili ai i nā awa pili pono. Pākuʻi ʻia paha ke plug a paina paha, a i ʻole kinipōpō.
Holo huila ʻehā: ʻO ka hoʻokele wili ʻehā , i kapa ʻia hoʻi he 4x4 a i ʻole 4WD , pili i kahi drivetrain kaʻa ʻelua axled hiki ke hāʻawi i ke kaika i kāna mau huila āpau i ka manawa like. He manawa piha a noi paha ia, a pili pinepine ʻia ma o ka hihia hoʻoili e hāʻawi ana i kahi kumu hoʻokele hoʻokuʻi hou aku a, i nā manawa he nui, nā pae uila hou aʻe.
Kaʻa holoʻokoʻa: ʻO kahi kaʻa āpau āpau ( ATV ), i ʻike ʻia hoʻi me he kaʻa pono uila (LUV) , he kekeʻe uila , a i ʻole he quad wale nō, e like me ka wehewehe a ka American National Standards Institute (ANSI); he kaʻa ia e holo ana ma nā papaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, me kahi noho i keʻakeʻa ʻia e ka mea hana, me nā pūkana lima no ka hoʻokele hoʻokele. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e lawelawe i kahi ākea ākea o ka ʻāina ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai he kaʻa alanui-kānāwai ia ma kekahi mau ʻāina, ʻaʻole kū kānāwai ia ma waena o nā mokuʻāina, nā panalāʻau, a me nā panalāʻau o Australia, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada paha.
Kaapuni ʻehā: I ke kelekamaʻilio, ʻo ke kaʻa kaapuni ʻehā kaiapuni ʻelua e hoʻohana ana i ʻelua ala i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e lawe ʻia nā hōʻailona pākahi i hoʻokahi ala wale nō e kekahi ala a i kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e ke ala ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i ka inoa o ke kaapuni ʻehā ka inoa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻohana nei i nā alakaʻi ʻehā e hana i ʻelua mau uila uila piha, hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. ʻAe nā kaʻapuni kaʻawale ʻelua (nā kahawai) i ka hana piha-duplex me ka crosstalk haʻahaʻa.
Kaapuni ʻehā: I ke kelekamaʻilio, ʻo ke kaʻa kaapuni ʻehā kaiapuni ʻelua e hoʻohana ana i ʻelua ala i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e lawe ʻia nā hōʻailona pākahi i hoʻokahi ala wale nō e kekahi ala a i kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e ke ala ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i ka inoa o ke kaapuni ʻehā ka inoa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻohana nei i nā alakaʻi ʻehā e hana i ʻelua mau uila uila piha, hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. ʻAe nā kaʻapuni kaʻawale ʻelua (nā kahawai) i ka hana piha-duplex me ka crosstalk haʻahaʻa.
ʻIke ʻehā: Hoʻomaopopo ʻehā mau hāpana , ʻike ʻehā uea , a i ʻole 4-point probes i ke ʻano o ka ʻenehana impedance uila e hoʻohana ai i nā hui kaʻawale o ka lawe ʻana i kēia manawa a me nā uila uila e hana i nā ana pono aʻe ma mua o ka maʻa mau a me ka maʻamau maʻamau. 2T) ʻike ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻimi ʻehā ma kekahi mau ohmmeter a me nā mea kālailai impedance, a i nā ueaea no nā ana kānana a me nā thermometers kūʻē. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kuʻina ʻehā mau helu e ana i ka pale pale o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi.
4X (hoʻokaʻawale): ʻO 4X kahi ʻano o nā pāʻani hoʻolālā kamepiula.
4Y: E nānā paha ʻo 4Y a i ʻole 4-Y i: 4 mau makahiki 4Y, code IATA no Eurowings Discover a me Airbus Transport International 4Y, kahi moʻo o nā ʻenekini Toyota Y 4Y, ke code hana no ka 1978 Kauka Who serial Underworld
Kulanui: ʻO ke kulanui kahi kula o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe a me ka noiʻi e hāʻawi ana i nā kekelē kālaiʻike i nā ʻano aʻo. Hāʻawi pinepine nā Kulanui i nā papahana laepua a me ka puka puka. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, pono i nā kula nui e hāʻawi i nā kekelē laepua; nā kula e hāʻawi nei i nā kekelē laepua wale nō.
ʻO Sejm Nui: ʻO The Great Sejm , i ʻike ʻia ʻo Four-Year Sejm kahi Sejm (parliament) o ka Palani-Lituania Commonwealth i mālama ʻia ma Warsaw ma waena o 1788 a me 1792. ʻO kāna pahuhopu nui i lilo i hoʻihoʻi i ka noho aliʻi i, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, ka Commonwealth politika a me hoʻokele waiwai.
4Z: E nānā paha ʻo 4Z a i ʻole 4-Z iā: 4Z, IATA code Airlink 4Z, ke code hana no ka 1978 Kauka ʻO wai ka serial The Invasion of Time 4Z moʻo, ʻenekini 4-Cylinder na Isuzu 4Z, Pākuʻi squadron no No. 1699 Flight RAF; ʻike i ka papa inoa o nā Codes Squadron RAF 4Z, Pākuʻi squadron no ka helu 1699 Conversion Unit; ʻike i ka papa inoa o nā Codes Squadron RAF 4Z, Pāʻālua Squadron no ka Bomber Command Communication Squadron; ʻike i ka papa inoa o nā Codes Squadron RAF
4.0: 4.0 paha e kuhikuhi iā: 4 (disambiguation) 4.0 , he album i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e 2014 e ka mea mele mele Sepania ʻo Mónica Naranjo LP Underground 4.0 , kahi CD CD 2004 a me ka hoʻoiho kikohoʻe i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Linkin Park Underground Live Free a i ʻole Die Hard, kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni hoʻonāukiuki ʻAmelika 2007
4.0 (Mónica Naranjo album): ʻO 4.0 kahi album i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e ka mea mele mele Sepania ʻo Mónica Naranjo. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka album ma o Sony Music Spain a me Legacy ma ka lā 6 Mei 2014. Aia i loko o kēia album nā 4.0 paʻi leo hou o nā mele mai kāna mau studio studio - Mónica Naranjo (1994), Palabra de mujer (1997), Minage (2000) a me Tarántula ( 2008) —a me kahi mana 4.0 o "Make You Rock". Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo "Solo Se Vive una Vez" ma ke ʻano he mele mua loa mai ka album ma 31 Malaki 2014.
4.0 (Mónica Naranjo album): ʻO 4.0 kahi album i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e ka mea mele mele Sepania ʻo Mónica Naranjo. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka album ma o Sony Music Spain a me Legacy ma ka lā 6 Mei 2014. Aia i loko o kēia album nā 4.0 paʻi leo hou o nā mele mai kāna mau studio studio - Mónica Naranjo (1994), Palabra de mujer (1997), Minage (2000) a me Tarántula ( 2008) —a me kahi mana 4.0 o "Make You Rock". Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo "Solo Se Vive una Vez" ma ke ʻano he mele mua loa mai ka album ma 31 Malaki 2014.
4.0: 4.0 paha e kuhikuhi iā: 4 (disambiguation) 4.0 , he album i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e 2014 e ka mea mele mele Sepania ʻo Mónica Naranjo LP Underground 4.0 , kahi CD CD 2004 a me ka hoʻoiho kikohoʻe i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Linkin Park Underground Live Free a i ʻole Die Hard, kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni hoʻonāukiuki ʻAmelika 2007
Ka papa inoa o nā ʻenekini petrol Volkswagen Group: Hana nā ʻenekini petrolahi uila ma lalo iho nei i ka pōʻai hā ʻehā, a ke ʻole i haʻi ʻia i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohana i kahi ʻōnaehana lub lubrication, a hoʻoluʻolu ʻia ka wai.
Mea pāʻani 4 kikoʻī: ʻO ka mea pāʻani 4 kime ka papa haʻuki haʻuki kino no ka kinipōpō noho huila. Loaʻa i nā mea pāʻani i kēia papa i ka hana kumu maʻamau akā ua hoʻemi ʻia ka pae o ka hana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole o ko lākou mau lālā i lalo. Loaʻa paha iā lākou ka paʻakikī me nā neʻe ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā poʻe i kēia papa me ISOD i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea pāʻani A1, A2 a me A3.
ʻO Windows Nashville: ʻO Windows Nashville ka inoa codename no ka hoʻokuʻu hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o Microsoft Windows i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 1996, ma waena o "Chicago" a me "Memphis", e kuhikuhi ana iā Windows 96 e ka lehulehu. Manaʻo ka hoʻokuʻu e nānā i ka hoʻohui paʻa ma waena o Windows a me Internet Explorer, i mea e hoʻokūkū maikaʻi ai me Netscape Navigator.
4:13 Moemoeā: 4: 13 ʻO ka moemoeā ka ʻumikūmākolu a me ka hope loa o nā studio studio na ka papa mele Pelekane ʻo The Cure. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka 27 ʻOkakopa 2008, ma o nā lepili moʻo inoa ʻo Suretone lāua ʻo Geffen.
4.1 Mile: ʻO 4.1 Miles kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni pōkole 2016 e pili ana i kahi kāpena Hellenic Coast Guard ma ka mokupuni Helene o Lesbos i kauoha ʻia me ka hana o ka hoʻopakele ʻana he mau kaukani e neʻe ana i ke kai Aegean i ka wā o ka pilikia o ka neʻe ʻana o ʻEulopa. Na Daphne Matziaraki ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni.
4.2 "mōlina: E nānā paha ka 4.2 mortar mortar i: UK Ordnance ML 4.2 inihi Mortar - ʻike ʻia ʻo SB 4.2 iniha US M2 4.2 iniha puna M30 puna
4.2 "mōlina: E nānā paha ka 4.2 mortar mortar i: UK Ordnance ML 4.2 inihi Mortar - ʻike ʻia ʻo SB 4.2 iniha US M2 4.2 iniha puna M30 puna
Hanana 4.2-kiloyear: ʻO ka hanana 4.2-kiloyear BP aridification kahi hanana hanana loa o ka wā Holocene. Hoʻohālikelike ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki Meghalayan i kēia manawa i ka wā Holocene.
ʻApelila 25 SC: ʻApelila 25 Hui Pōʻani Pōʻani , a i ʻole 4.25 SC no ka pōkole, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻo ʻApelila 25 National Defense Sports Club , he hui haʻuki nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma P'yŏngyang, Kōlea Kōlea, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho o North Korea no nā kime pōpeku kāne a wahine hoʻi. ʻO ka lāʻau i ka Ministry of People's Armed Forces; ʻo nā lālā āpau o nā pūʻulu ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he luna o ka Pūʻali Koa.
ʻApelila 25 SC: ʻApelila 25 Hui Pōʻani Pōʻani , a i ʻole 4.25 SC no ka pōkole, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻo ʻApelila 25 National Defense Sports Club , he hui haʻuki nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma P'yŏngyang, Kōlea Kōlea, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho o North Korea no nā kime pōpeku kāne a wahine hoʻi. ʻO ka lāʻau i ka Ministry of People's Armed Forces; ʻo nā lālā āpau o nā pūʻulu ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he luna o ka Pūʻali Koa.
ʻApelila 25 SC: ʻApelila 25 Hui Pōʻani Pōʻani , a i ʻole 4.25 SC no ka pōkole, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻo ʻApelila 25 National Defense Sports Club , he hui haʻuki nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma P'yŏngyang, Kōlea Kōlea, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho o North Korea no nā kime pōpeku kāne a wahine hoʻi. ʻO ka lāʻau i ka Ministry of People's Armed Forces; ʻo nā lālā āpau o nā pūʻulu ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he luna o ka Pūʻali Koa.
ʻApelila 25 SC: ʻApelila 25 Hui Pōʻani Pōʻani , a i ʻole 4.25 SC no ka pōkole, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻo ʻApelila 25 National Defense Sports Club , he hui haʻuki nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma P'yŏngyang, Kōlea Kōlea, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho o North Korea no nā kime pōpeku kāne a wahine hoʻi. ʻO ka lāʻau i ka Ministry of People's Armed Forces; ʻo nā lālā āpau o nā pūʻulu ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he luna o ka Pūʻali Koa.
4.25mm Liliput: ʻO ka 4.25mm Liliput kahi cartridge centerfire i hana mua ʻia ma ʻAmelika no ka hoʻoili ʻana iā ia iho i nā pīkeke i hana ʻia e Erika ma mua o ke Kaua Honua I. I ka makahiki 1920 ua hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Liliput pistol e August Menz o Suhl e hoʻohana i ka pahu. Ua lilo ka cartridge i mea kaulana loa e ka inoa Liliput i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā pōkā Kelemania ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ʻAsuria. ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo cartridge ma ka waha o ka hihia. ʻO ia ka cartridge centerfire liʻiliʻi loa i ka hana ʻana i nā makahiki 1930.
4.25mm Liliput: ʻO ka 4.25mm Liliput kahi cartridge centerfire i hana mua ʻia ma ʻAmelika no ka hoʻoili ʻana iā ia iho i nā pīkeke i hana ʻia e Erika ma mua o ke Kaua Honua I. I ka makahiki 1920 ua hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Liliput pistol e August Menz o Suhl e hoʻohana i ka pahu. Ua lilo ka cartridge i mea kaulana loa e ka inoa Liliput i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā pōkā Kelemania ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ʻAsuria. ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo cartridge ma ka waha o ka hihia. ʻO ia ka cartridge centerfire liʻiliʻi loa i ka hana ʻana i nā makahiki 1930.
ʻApelila 25 SC: ʻApelila 25 Hui Pōʻani Pōʻani , a i ʻole 4.25 SC no ka pōkole, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻo ʻApelila 25 National Defense Sports Club , he hui haʻuki nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma P'yŏngyang, Kōlea Kōlea, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho o North Korea no nā kime pōpeku kāne a wahine hoʻi. ʻO ka lāʻau i ka Ministry of People's Armed Forces; ʻo nā lālā āpau o nā pūʻulu ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he luna o ka Pūʻali Koa.
ʻApelila 25 SC: ʻApelila 25 Hui Pōʻani Pōʻani , a i ʻole 4.25 SC no ka pōkole, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻo ʻApelila 25 National Defense Sports Club , he hui haʻuki nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma P'yŏngyang, Kōlea Kōlea, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho o North Korea no nā kime pōpeku kāne a wahine hoʻi. ʻO ka lāʻau i ka Ministry of People's Armed Forces; ʻo nā lālā āpau o nā pūʻulu ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he luna o ka Pūʻali Koa.
Mōʻaukala o ka Hoʻolaha Polokalamu Berkeley: Hoʻomaka ka mōʻaukala o ka Berkeley Software Distribution i nā makahiki 1970.
Ka papa inoa o nā ʻenekini petrol Volkswagen Group: Hana nā ʻenekini petrolahi uila ma lalo iho nei i ka pōʻai hā ʻehā, a ke ʻole i haʻi ʻia i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohana i kahi ʻōnaehana lub lubrication, a hoʻoluʻolu ʻia ka wai.
4.2 cm Pak 41: ʻO ka 4.2 cm Pak 41 kahi kukui i hāʻawi ʻia i nā mokulele mokulele Kelemania i ke Kaua Honua II. Ua like kūlike kēia pū me ka 3.7 cm Pak 36, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mana i hoʻololi ʻia o ke kaʻa o ka hope, akā ua hoʻohana i ke kaomi o ke kaomi i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka wikiwiki, a no laila hiki i ka hana hou ʻana i nā mea kaua. He anawaena he 42 mm (1.7 in) o ka bore ma ke keena, akā ua iho i lalo a 28 mm (1.1 i) ma ka waha. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana i Iune 1942, ma hope o ka lawe ʻana o 313 pū. Ma Nowemapa 1943, 47 i noho i ka lawelawe.
4.2 cm Pak 41: ʻO ka 4.2 cm Pak 41 kahi kukui i hāʻawi ʻia i nā mokulele mokulele Kelemania i ke Kaua Honua II. Ua like kūlike kēia pū me ka 3.7 cm Pak 36, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mana i hoʻololi ʻia o ke kaʻa o ka hope, akā ua hoʻohana i ke kaomi o ke kaomi i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka wikiwiki, a no laila hiki i ka hana hou ʻana i nā mea kaua. He anawaena he 42 mm (1.7 in) o ka bore ma ke keena, akā ua iho i lalo a 28 mm (1.1 i) ma ka waha. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana i Iune 1942, ma hope o ka lawe ʻana o 313 pū. Ma Nowemapa 1943, 47 i noho i ka lawelawe.
Hanana 4.2-kiloyear: ʻO ka hanana 4.2-kiloyear BP aridification kahi hanana hanana loa o ka wā Holocene. Hoʻohālikelike ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki Meghalayan i kēia manawa i ka wā Holocene.
Hanana 4.2-kiloyear: ʻO ka hanana 4.2-kiloyear BP aridification kahi hanana hanana loa o ka wā Holocene. Hoʻohālikelike ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki Meghalayan i kēia manawa i ka wā Holocene.
4.3.2.1 .: 4.3.2.1. he kiʻi hoʻouluuki kalaima Pelekane-ʻAmelika ʻo 2010 i alakaʻi ʻia e Noel Clarke lāua ʻo Mark Davis, i kākau ʻia e Clarke a me Emma Roberts, Tamsin Egerton, Ophelia Lovibond, Shanika-Warren Markland, Mandy Patinkin, Helen McCrory, Kevin Smith, Susannah Fielding, Camille Coduri lāua ʻo Clarke. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka 2 Iune 2010.
4.3.2.1 .: 4.3.2.1. he kiʻi hoʻouluuki kalaima Pelekane-ʻAmelika ʻo 2010 i alakaʻi ʻia e Noel Clarke lāua ʻo Mark Davis, i kākau ʻia e Clarke a me Emma Roberts, Tamsin Egerton, Ophelia Lovibond, Shanika-Warren Markland, Mandy Patinkin, Helen McCrory, Kevin Smith, Susannah Fielding, Camille Coduri lāua ʻo Clarke. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka 2 Iune 2010.
4.3.2.1 .: 4.3.2.1. he kiʻi hoʻouluuki kalaima Pelekane-ʻAmelika ʻo 2010 i alakaʻi ʻia e Noel Clarke lāua ʻo Mark Davis, i kākau ʻia e Clarke a me Emma Roberts, Tamsin Egerton, Ophelia Lovibond, Shanika-Warren Markland, Mandy Patinkin, Helen McCrory, Kevin Smith, Susannah Fielding, Camille Coduri lāua ʻo Clarke. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka 2 Iune 2010.
4.3.2.1 .: 4.3.2.1. he kiʻi hoʻouluuki kalaima Pelekane-ʻAmelika ʻo 2010 i alakaʻi ʻia e Noel Clarke lāua ʻo Mark Davis, i kākau ʻia e Clarke a me Emma Roberts, Tamsin Egerton, Ophelia Lovibond, Shanika-Warren Markland, Mandy Patinkin, Helen McCrory, Kevin Smith, Susannah Fielding, Camille Coduri lāua ʻo Clarke. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka 2 Iune 2010.